Kidney & Urinary Care

Disodium Hydrogen Citrate Syrup (Alkalizer 1.37g, 1.4g, 1.53g per 5ml) is an oral systemic and urinary alkalinizing agent on the PMBI formulary. Following ingestion, citrate ions are metabolized in the liver via the tricarboxylic acid (Krebs) cycle into bicarbonate ions, increasing blood bicarbonate and elevating urinary pH from acidic (<5.5) to an optimal neutral/alkaline range (6.5 to 7.0). This neutralizes free urinary hydrogen ions, relieving painful burning dysuria, and dramatically increases the solubility of uric acid and cystine, preventing uric acid nephrolithiasis and dissolving existing uric acid gravel. Indicated for symptomatic burning micturition, adjunctive treatment of urinary tract infections, and prophylaxis/dissolution of uric acid and calcium oxalate kidney stones.

Sildenafil Tablets (50mg, 100mg) and Orally Disintegrating Strips (50mg, 100mg) is a selective phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor on the WHO Model List framework. It inhibits PDE5 in the corpus cavernosum of the penis, preventing degradation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). During sexual stimulation, local nitric oxide release elevates cGMP, causing smooth muscle relaxation and cavernous arterial vasodilation, resulting in penile erection. Indicated for erectile dysfunction (ED) in adult men and off-label adjunctive therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Tadalafil Tablets (2.5mg, 5mg, 10mg, 20mg) and Orally Disintegrating Strips (10mg, 20mg) is a long-acting, highly selective PDE5 inhibitor on the WHO Model List framework. It features an extended elimination half-life of 17.5 hours and an effective therapeutic window of up to 36 hours ("the weekend pill"). Besides treating erectile dysfunction, it also relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder neck and prostate through cGMP elevation. Indicated for erectile dysfunction (ED), once-daily treatment for the signs and symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), and pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Tamsulosin Hydrochloride (0.4mg modified-release) and Dutasteride (0.5mg) Tablets/Capsules is a synergistic dual-action therapy on the WHO Model List framework for symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). Tamsulosin is a uroselective alpha-1A/1D adrenergic receptor antagonist that relaxes smooth muscle in the prostate stroma, prostatic capsule, and bladder neck, rapidly improving urinary peak flow rates and relieving lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Dutasteride is a potent dual type 1 and type 2 5-alpha reductase inhibitor (5-ARI) that suppresses dihydrotestosterone (DHT) synthesis by >90%, progressively shrinking enlarged prostate volume over 3-6 months. Indicated for moderate-to-severe BPH with enlarged prostate (volume >30cc) to reduce the risk of acute urinary retention (AUR) and the need for BPH-related surgery (TURP).

Nalidixic Acid Tablets (500mg) is a first-generation synthetic quinolone antimicrobial on the WHO Model List framework. It selectively inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II), blocking bacterial DNA replication and transcription in gram-negative uropathogens including E. coli, Proteus, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter. Indicated for the treatment of acute and chronic uncomplicated urinary tract infections.

Finasteride Tablets 5mg is an evidence-based dermatological formulation. It acts by delivering targeted active therapeutic ingredients to cutaneous lesions to relieve skin pathology, restore barrier integrity, and manage dermatoses.

Nitrofurantoin Tablets / Sustained Release (50mg, 100mg) is a synthetic nitrofuran bactericidal antibiotic on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Bacterial nitroreductases intracellularly reduce nitrofurantoin into highly reactive, short-lived electrophilic intermediates that indiscriminately attack bacterial ribosomal proteins, DNA, RNA, and metabolic enzymes. It concentrates specifically in renal tubular fluid and bladder urine (therapeutic urine concentrations >100 mcg/mL) with negligible systemic tissue levels, minimizing disruption to normal vaginal and bowel microflora and exhibiting minimal bacterial resistance after decades of use. Indicated for treatment and long-term prophylaxis of acute uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections (cystitis) caused by susceptible E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Klebsiella species.

Tamsulosin Hydrochloride Prolonged Release Capsules (0.4mg) is a uroselective alpha-1A and alpha-1D adrenergic receptor antagonist on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. By selectively blocking alpha-1A receptors concentrated in the human prostate, bladder neck, and prostatic urethra (which account for 70% of prostatic alpha receptors), it relaxes smooth muscle tone, reduces outflow resistance, and enhances maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) with minimal effect on systemic vascular resistance. Indicated for symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and as off-label medical expulsive therapy for distal ureteric stones.

Sildenafil Tablets (50mg, 100mg) and Orally Disintegrating Strips (50mg, 100mg) is a selective phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor on the WHO Model List framework. It inhibits PDE5 in the corpus cavernosum of the penis, preventing degradation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). During sexual stimulation, local nitric oxide release elevates cGMP, causing smooth muscle relaxation and cavernous arterial vasodilation, resulting in penile erection. Indicated for erectile dysfunction (ED) in adult men and off-label adjunctive therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Flavoxate Tablets (200mg) is a synthetic flavone direct musculotropic urinary antispasmodic on the PMBI formulary. It acts directly on detrusor smooth muscle cells via cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase inhibition and local calcium antagonism, eliminating hyperreflexic contractions and bladder spasms without blocking muscarinic receptors (devoid of atropine-like anticholinergic side effects such as severe dry mouth or tachycardia). Indicated for symptomatic relief of dysuria, urgency, nocturia, suprapubic pain, and urinary frequency associated with cystitis, urethritis, trigonitis, and transurethral instrumentation.

Ofloxacin (200mg) and Flavoxate (200mg) Tablets is a fixed-dose urinary antimicrobial and smooth muscle antispasmodic combination. Ofloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone that inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, bactericidal against common uropathogens (E. coli, Proteus, Klebsiella). Flavoxate is a flavone-derivative antispasmodic that directly relaxes urinary tract smooth muscle via phosphodiesterase inhibition and intracellular calcium modulation, rapidly relieving burning, frequency, and painful trigonal spasms. Indicated for complicated and uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs, cystitis, prostatitis) accompanied by severe dysuria, frequency, and vesical tenesmus.

Torsemide / Torasemide Tablets (5mg, 40mg) is a long-acting pyridine-sulfonylurea loop diuretic on the WHO Model List framework. It inhibits the Na+/K+/2Cl- carrier system in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop, blocking active sodium and chloride reabsorption. It features high oral bioavailability (~80%), consistent absorption regardless of intestinal mucosal edema, and an extended duration of action (~12 hours) with anti-aldosteronergic properties that cause less potassium wasting than furosemide. Indicated for treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease (CKD), nephrotic syndrome, hepatic cirrhosis, and management of hypertension.

Torsemide / Torasemide Tablets (5mg, 40mg) is a long-acting pyridine-sulfonylurea loop diuretic on the WHO Model List framework. It inhibits the Na+/K+/2Cl- carrier system in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop, blocking active sodium and chloride reabsorption. It features high oral bioavailability (~80%), consistent absorption regardless of intestinal mucosal edema, and an extended duration of action (~12 hours) with anti-aldosteronergic properties that cause less potassium wasting than furosemide. Indicated for treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease (CKD), nephrotic syndrome, hepatic cirrhosis, and management of hypertension.

Alfuzosin Prolonged-Release Tablets (10mg) is a quinazoline-derivative, functionally uroselective alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist on the WHO Model List framework. It distributes preferential clinical relaxant action to prostatic and trigonal smooth muscle, reducing bladder outlet obstruction without predominantly altering ejaculatory duct innervation, resulting in a very low incidence of retrograde ejaculation (<1-2%). Indicated for the treatment of moderate-to-severe symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and as adjunctive therapy with catheterization for acute urinary retention related to BPH.

Alfuzosin (10mg prolonged-release) and Dutasteride (0.5mg) Tablets is a fixed-dose combination combining a functionally uroselective alpha-1 blocker with a dual 5-alpha reductase inhibitor. Alfuzosin relaxes prostatic smooth muscle and decreases bladder outlet resistance without inhibiting alpha-1A subtype exclusively, preserving normal ejaculation in most men. Dutasteride halts DHT-mediated androgenic proliferation, reducing prostate volume. Indicated for symptomatic BPH with enlarged prostate gland.

Disodium Hydrogen Citrate Syrup (Alkalizer 1.37g, 1.4g, 1.53g per 5ml) is an oral systemic and urinary alkalinizing agent on the PMBI formulary. Following ingestion, citrate ions are metabolized in the liver via the tricarboxylic acid (Krebs) cycle into bicarbonate ions, increasing blood bicarbonate and elevating urinary pH from acidic (<5.5) to an optimal neutral/alkaline range (6.5 to 7.0). This neutralizes free urinary hydrogen ions, relieving painful burning dysuria, and dramatically increases the solubility of uric acid and cystine, preventing uric acid nephrolithiasis and dissolving existing uric acid gravel. Indicated for symptomatic burning micturition, adjunctive treatment of urinary tract infections, and prophylaxis/dissolution of uric acid and calcium oxalate kidney stones.

Potassium Citrate (1100mg) and Magnesium Citrate (375mg, with or without Pyridoxine 20mg or Citric Acid 334mg per 5ml) Oral Solution is a specialized dual-mineral nephrolithiasis inhibitor on the PMBI formulary. Absorbed citrate is metabolized to bicarbonate, alkalinizing the urine and increasing urinary citrate excretion. Citrate forms soluble chelates with calcium, preventing calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate crystal nucleation and agglomeration. Magnesium competes with calcium to form highly soluble magnesium oxalate, further retarding stone growth. Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) acts as a cofactor for alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase, reducing endogenous oxalate production. Indicated for renal tubular acidosis (RTA) with calcium stones, hypocitraturic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis, and uric acid lithiasis.

Darifenacin Prolonged-Release Tablets (7.5mg) is a potent, selective muscarinic M3 receptor antagonist on the PMBI formulary. It exhibits >9-fold higher selectivity for M3 receptors (responsible for bladder detrusor contraction and salivary flow) over M1 and M2 receptors (responsible for cardiac chronotropy and cognitive function), effectively reducing bladder spasms while sparing cardiac rate and central cognitive faculties. Indicated for the treatment of Overactive Bladder with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency, and frequency.

Disodium Hydrogen Citrate Syrup (Alkalizer 1.37g, 1.4g, 1.53g per 5ml) is an oral systemic and urinary alkalinizing agent on the PMBI formulary. Following ingestion, citrate ions are metabolized in the liver via the tricarboxylic acid (Krebs) cycle into bicarbonate ions, increasing blood bicarbonate and elevating urinary pH from acidic (<5.5) to an optimal neutral/alkaline range (6.5 to 7.0). This neutralizes free urinary hydrogen ions, relieving painful burning dysuria, and dramatically increases the solubility of uric acid and cystine, preventing uric acid nephrolithiasis and dissolving existing uric acid gravel. Indicated for symptomatic burning micturition, adjunctive treatment of urinary tract infections, and prophylaxis/dissolution of uric acid and calcium oxalate kidney stones.

Dutasteride Capsules (0.5mg) is a synthetic 4-aza-steroid dual inhibitor of both type 1 and type 2 5-alpha-reductase isoenzymes on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It blocks the enzymatic intracellular conversion of testosterone to 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in the prostate, skin, and liver, suppressing circulating DHT levels by >90% and intraprostatic DHT by >94%. This induces apoptotic involution of prostatic epithelial cells, progressively reducing total prostate volume by ~25% and reducing risk of urinary retention and TURP surgery. Indicated for treatment of symptomatic BPH in men with enlarged prostate.

Finasteride Tablets 1mg is an evidence-based dermatological formulation. It acts by delivering targeted active therapeutic ingredients to cutaneous lesions to relieve skin pathology, restore barrier integrity, and manage dermatoses.

Mirabegron Extended-Release Tablets (25mg, 50mg) is a first-in-class, potent and selective beta-3 adrenergic receptor agonist on the WHO Model List framework for Overactive Bladder (OAB). In the urinary bladder, it stimulates beta-3 adrenergic receptors on the detrusor muscle during the urine storage phase, activating adenylyl cyclase and raising cyclic AMP, relaxing detrusor muscle tone and increasing bladder storage capacity without anticholinergic dry mouth, constipation, or cognitive impairment. Indicated for symptomatic treatment of urgency, increased micturition frequency, and urgency incontinence associated with Overactive Bladder.

Mirabegron Extended-Release Tablets (25mg, 50mg) is a first-in-class, potent and selective beta-3 adrenergic receptor agonist on the WHO Model List framework for Overactive Bladder (OAB). In the urinary bladder, it stimulates beta-3 adrenergic receptors on the detrusor muscle during the urine storage phase, activating adenylyl cyclase and raising cyclic AMP, relaxing detrusor muscle tone and increasing bladder storage capacity without anticholinergic dry mouth, constipation, or cognitive impairment. Indicated for symptomatic treatment of urgency, increased micturition frequency, and urgency incontinence associated with Overactive Bladder.

Potassium Citrate (1100mg) and Magnesium Citrate (375mg, with or without Pyridoxine 20mg or Citric Acid 334mg per 5ml) Oral Solution is a specialized dual-mineral nephrolithiasis inhibitor on the PMBI formulary. Absorbed citrate is metabolized to bicarbonate, alkalinizing the urine and increasing urinary citrate excretion. Citrate forms soluble chelates with calcium, preventing calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate crystal nucleation and agglomeration. Magnesium competes with calcium to form highly soluble magnesium oxalate, further retarding stone growth. Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) acts as a cofactor for alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase, reducing endogenous oxalate production. Indicated for renal tubular acidosis (RTA) with calcium stones, hypocitraturic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis, and uric acid lithiasis.

Silodosin Capsules (4mg, 8mg) is an ultra-selective alpha-1A adrenergic receptor antagonist on the PMBI formulary. It demonstrates an extraordinarily high alpha-1A to alpha-1B binding affinity ratio (162:1), targeting the lower urinary tract smooth muscle with surgical precision while sparing vascular alpha-1B receptors that regulate arterial blood pressure. This confers excellent cardiovascular safety and minimal postural hypotension. Indicated for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) in adult men.

Silodosin Capsules (4mg, 8mg) is an ultra-selective alpha-1A adrenergic receptor antagonist on the PMBI formulary. It demonstrates an extraordinarily high alpha-1A to alpha-1B binding affinity ratio (162:1), targeting the lower urinary tract smooth muscle with surgical precision while sparing vascular alpha-1B receptors that regulate arterial blood pressure. This confers excellent cardiovascular safety and minimal postural hypotension. Indicated for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) in adult men.

Silodosin (4mg/8mg) and Dutasteride (0.5mg) Capsules is an advanced fixed-dose combination for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). Silodosin is an ultra-selective alpha-1A adrenergic receptor antagonist (>160-fold selectivity over alpha-1B receptors), providing targeted bladder neck and prostatic relaxation with minimal vascular hypotensive effects. Dutasteride blocks both 5-alpha reductase isoforms, permanently lowering circulating and intraprostatic DHT to shrink prostate gland tissue. Indicated for treatment of moderate-to-severe LUTS associated with prostatic enlargement.

Silodosin (4mg/8mg) and Dutasteride (0.5mg) Capsules is an advanced fixed-dose combination for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). Silodosin is an ultra-selective alpha-1A adrenergic receptor antagonist (>160-fold selectivity over alpha-1B receptors), providing targeted bladder neck and prostatic relaxation with minimal vascular hypotensive effects. Dutasteride blocks both 5-alpha reductase isoforms, permanently lowering circulating and intraprostatic DHT to shrink prostate gland tissue. Indicated for treatment of moderate-to-severe LUTS associated with prostatic enlargement.

Solifenacin Succinate Tablets (5mg, 10mg) is a competitive, selective muscarinic M3 receptor antagonist on the WHO Model List framework for Overactive Bladder. It exhibits higher affinity for muscarinic M3 receptors over M1 and M2 subtypes, specifically blocking parasympathetic acetylcholine transmission in the bladder detrusor muscle to suppress involuntary detrusor contractions and increase bladder compliance and volume to first micturition. Indicated for symptomatic treatment of urge incontinence and/or increased urinary frequency and urgency in Overactive Bladder syndrome.

Solifenacin Succinate Tablets (5mg, 10mg) is a competitive, selective muscarinic M3 receptor antagonist on the WHO Model List framework for Overactive Bladder. It exhibits higher affinity for muscarinic M3 receptors over M1 and M2 subtypes, specifically blocking parasympathetic acetylcholine transmission in the bladder detrusor muscle to suppress involuntary detrusor contractions and increase bladder compliance and volume to first micturition. Indicated for symptomatic treatment of urge incontinence and/or increased urinary frequency and urgency in Overactive Bladder syndrome.

Tamsulosin Hydrochloride (0.4mg) and Tolterodine Tartrate (2mg/4mg Extended Release) Capsules is a fixed-dose combination for men suffering from mixed storage and voiding lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Tamsulosin relieves voiding symptoms (hesitancy, weak stream, straining) via alpha-1A adrenergic blockade, while tolterodine competitively antagonizes muscarinic M2/M3 receptors in the detrusor muscle, abolishing involuntary bladder spasms and relieving storage symptoms (frequency, urgency, nocturia). Indicated for men with BPH and co-existing Overactive Bladder (OAB).

Tamsulosin Hydrochloride (0.4mg) and Tolterodine Tartrate (2mg/4mg Extended Release) Capsules is a fixed-dose combination for men suffering from mixed storage and voiding lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Tamsulosin relieves voiding symptoms (hesitancy, weak stream, straining) via alpha-1A adrenergic blockade, while tolterodine competitively antagonizes muscarinic M2/M3 receptors in the detrusor muscle, abolishing involuntary bladder spasms and relieving storage symptoms (frequency, urgency, nocturia). Indicated for men with BPH and co-existing Overactive Bladder (OAB).

Tolterodine Tartrate Extended-Release Capsules (2mg, 4mg) is a competitive muscarinic receptor antagonist on the WHO Model List framework for Overactive Bladder. It targets muscarinic M2 and M3 receptors in the urinary bladder with functional organ selectivity over salivary glands, suppressing involuntary detrusor contractions while allowing normal voluntary voiding. Indicated for treatment of Overactive Bladder with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency, and frequency.

Tolterodine Tartrate Extended-Release Capsules (2mg, 4mg) is a competitive muscarinic receptor antagonist on the WHO Model List framework for Overactive Bladder. It targets muscarinic M2 and M3 receptors in the urinary bladder with functional organ selectivity over salivary glands, suppressing involuntary detrusor contractions while allowing normal voluntary voiding. Indicated for treatment of Overactive Bladder with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency, and frequency.

N-Acetylcysteine (150mg) and Taurine (500mg) Tablets is a fixed-dose nephroprotective and antioxidant combination on the PMBI formulary. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is a glutathione precursor that replenishes intracellular cysteine pools, scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS), improves renal hemodynamics, and downregulates pro-fibrotic TGF-beta signaling. Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is an abundant intracellular sulfur amino acid that modulates osmoregulation, maintains mitochondrial electron transport, inhibits renal tubular cell apoptosis, and prevents advanced glycation end-product (AGE) accumulation. Indicated for adjunctive renal protection in diabetic nephropathy, early-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD), and prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy.

Desmopressin Tablets (0.1mg) is a synthetic structural analogue of the endogenous neurohypophyseal antidiuretic hormone (8-arginine vasopressin) on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Deamination of 1-cysteine and substitution with D-arginine enhances selective antidiuretic V2 receptor agonism by ~300-fold in renal collecting ducts while eliminating vasopressor V1a arterial constriction. Stimulates aquaporin-2 water channel insertion, dramatically increasing water reabsorption and reducing nocturnal urine production. Indicated for primary nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting) in children >=5 years, central diabetes insipidus, and nocturnal polyuria in adults.

Potassium Citrate (1100mg) and Magnesium Citrate (375mg, with or without Pyridoxine 20mg or Citric Acid 334mg per 5ml) Oral Solution is a specialized dual-mineral nephrolithiasis inhibitor on the PMBI formulary. Absorbed citrate is metabolized to bicarbonate, alkalinizing the urine and increasing urinary citrate excretion. Citrate forms soluble chelates with calcium, preventing calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate crystal nucleation and agglomeration. Magnesium competes with calcium to form highly soluble magnesium oxalate, further retarding stone growth. Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) acts as a cofactor for alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase, reducing endogenous oxalate production. Indicated for renal tubular acidosis (RTA) with calcium stones, hypocitraturic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis, and uric acid lithiasis.

Tadalafil (10mg) and Dapoxetine (30mg) Tablets is a dual-action urological therapy for combined erectile dysfunction (ED) and premature ejaculation (PE). Tadalafil provides prolonged PDE5 inhibition (half-life ~17.5 hours) to promote and sustain penile erection. Dapoxetine is a fast-acting selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) that delays the ejaculatory reflex by augmenting 5-HT signaling at presynaptic serotonin transporters in the central nervous system. Indicated for adult men suffering from co-existing erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation.

Potassium Magnesium Citrate (978mg), D-Mannose (300mg), and Cranberry Extract (200mg) Sachet is a triple-action nutraceutical for urinary tract health and recurrent UTI prevention on the PMBI formulary. D-Mannose binds competitively to FimH adhesin tips on type 1 pili of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), preventing bacterial attachment to the urothelial lining. Cranberry proanthocyanidins (PACs) provide anti-adherence action against P-fimbriated bacteria. Potassium magnesium citrate elevates urinary pH and raises urinary citrate and magnesium, creating an inhospitable environment for bacterial proliferation and inhibiting stone crystal aggregation. Indicated for prevention and adjunctive management of recurrent UTIs, burning dysuria, and crystalluria.

Sevelamer Carbonate / Hydrochloride Tablets (400mg, 800mg) is a non-calcium, non-aluminum, non-absorbable cross-linked polymeric phosphate binder on the WHO Model List framework. In the gastrointestinal tract, its multiple amine groups become partially protonated at physiological intestinal pH, binding dietary phosphate through ionic and hydrogen bonding. The bound phosphate is excreted in the feces, decreasing intestinal phosphate absorption without releasing calcium or aluminum into the bloodstream. This prevents hypercalcemia, calciphylaxis, and metastatic vascular calcification. Indicated for the control of hyperphosphatemia in adult and pediatric patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, or non-dialysis CKD with serum phosphorus >= 5.5 mg/dL.

Sildenafil Tablets (50mg, 100mg) and Orally Disintegrating Strips (50mg, 100mg) is a selective phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor on the WHO Model List framework. It inhibits PDE5 in the corpus cavernosum of the penis, preventing degradation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). During sexual stimulation, local nitric oxide release elevates cGMP, causing smooth muscle relaxation and cavernous arterial vasodilation, resulting in penile erection. Indicated for erectile dysfunction (ED) in adult men and off-label adjunctive therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Dapoxetine Tablets (30mg) is an oral, rapid-onset, short-acting selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) developed specifically on the WHO Model List framework for the on-demand treatment of premature ejaculation (PE). It rapidly inhibits the serotonin transporter (SERT), elevating serotonin levels in the synaptic cleft of the somatosensory and ejaculatory neural circuitry, delaying pudendal motoneuron reflex discharge and significantly prolonging intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT). Indicated for premature ejaculation in men aged 18 to 64 years.

Deflazacort (30mg) and Tamsulosin (0.4mg) Tablets is a specialized medical expulsive therapy (MET) combination. Tamsulosin blocks alpha-1D receptors located predominantly in the lower third of the ureter and ureterovesical junction (UVJ), inhibiting ureteral smooth muscle spasm and dilating the ureteral lumen. Deflazacort is an oxazoline glucocorticoid that exerts potent anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous action around the impacted stone site, reducing localized mucosal swelling and pain. Indicated for medical expulsive therapy of distal ureteral calculi (stones measuring 5 to 10 mm) to accelerate spontaneous stone passage and reduce surgical intervention.

Oxybutynin Chloride Tablets (2.5mg) is a classic synthetic tertiary amine antispasmodic and competitive muscarinic antagonist on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It exerts a dual action: competitive antagonism of muscarinic M1, M2, and M3 receptors, plus a direct musculotropic papaverine-like relaxant effect on smooth muscle cells. Indicated for relief of symptoms of bladder instability associated with voiding in patients with neurogenic bladder (hyperreflexia), spina bifida, multiple sclerosis, and idiopathic overactive bladder.

Sevelamer Carbonate / Hydrochloride Tablets (400mg, 800mg) is a non-calcium, non-aluminum, non-absorbable cross-linked polymeric phosphate binder on the WHO Model List framework. In the gastrointestinal tract, its multiple amine groups become partially protonated at physiological intestinal pH, binding dietary phosphate through ionic and hydrogen bonding. The bound phosphate is excreted in the feces, decreasing intestinal phosphate absorption without releasing calcium or aluminum into the bloodstream. This prevents hypercalcemia, calciphylaxis, and metastatic vascular calcification. Indicated for the control of hyperphosphatemia in adult and pediatric patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, or non-dialysis CKD with serum phosphorus >= 5.5 mg/dL.

Bethanechol Chloride Tablets (25mg) is a synthetic choline ester direct-acting parasympathomimetic agent on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It selectively stimulates muscarinic M3 and M2 receptors of the parasympathetic nervous system with negligible nicotinic activity and complete resistance to degradation by acetylcholinesterase. In the bladder, it stimulates detrusor muscle contraction, increases maximal detrusor pressure, reduces bladder capacity, and relaxes the trigone and external sphincter to initiate urination and completely empty the bladder. Indicated for acute non-obstructive post-operative and postpartum urinary retention, and neurogenic bladder atony with retention.

Torasemide (10mg) and Spironolactone (25mg) Tablets is a fixed-dose loop and potassium-sparing diuretic combination on the WHO Model List framework. Torasemide inhibits the Na+/K+/2Cl- symporter in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop, producing potent natriuresis and diuresis. Spironolactone competitively antagonizes the mineralocorticoid aldosterone receptor in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct, promoting sodium and water excretion while conserving potassium and magnesium ions. Indicated for refractory edema and ascites associated with congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, and nephrotic syndrome.

Combi Kit of Torasemide (20mg) Tablets and Eplerenone (25mg) Tablets combines a long-acting loop diuretic with a selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA). Torasemide delivers potent, predictable loop diuresis with minimal urinary potassium wasting compared to furosemide. Eplerenone selectively blocks aldosterone without binding to androgen or progesterone receptors, completely eliminating gynecomastia and sexual side effects while preventing hypokalemia. Indicated for severe edema, chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), and refractory hypertension.

Frusemide (40mg) and Amiloride (5mg) Tablets is a balanced loop and potassium-retaining diuretic combination on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Frusemide exerts potent, rapid natriuresis in the loop of Henle, while amiloride blocks luminal epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) in the cortical collecting tubule, blunting potassium excretion without antiandrogenic hormonal effects. Indicated for congestive heart failure edema, hepatic cirrhosis with ascites, and nephrotic edema in patients prone to hypokalemia.

Frusemide (40mg) and Potassium Chloride Controlled Release (600mg CR) Tablets combines a high-ceiling loop diuretic with a potassium replenishment core. Frusemide induces significant renal loss of potassium and chloride alongside sodium and water; the controlled-release potassium chloride wax-matrix core dissolves gradually along the small intestine, replenishing potassium losses and preventing diuretic-induced hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, muscle weakness, and cardiac dysrhythmias. Indicated for fluid overload in heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, and hepatic edema.

Nitrofurantoin Tablets / Sustained Release (50mg, 100mg) is a synthetic nitrofuran bactericidal antibiotic on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Bacterial nitroreductases intracellularly reduce nitrofurantoin into highly reactive, short-lived electrophilic intermediates that indiscriminately attack bacterial ribosomal proteins, DNA, RNA, and metabolic enzymes. It concentrates specifically in renal tubular fluid and bladder urine (therapeutic urine concentrations >100 mcg/mL) with negligible systemic tissue levels, minimizing disruption to normal vaginal and bowel microflora and exhibiting minimal bacterial resistance after decades of use. Indicated for treatment and long-term prophylaxis of acute uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections (cystitis) caused by susceptible E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Klebsiella species.

Nitrofurantoin Tablets / Sustained Release (50mg, 100mg) is a synthetic nitrofuran bactericidal antibiotic on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Bacterial nitroreductases intracellularly reduce nitrofurantoin into highly reactive, short-lived electrophilic intermediates that indiscriminately attack bacterial ribosomal proteins, DNA, RNA, and metabolic enzymes. It concentrates specifically in renal tubular fluid and bladder urine (therapeutic urine concentrations >100 mcg/mL) with negligible systemic tissue levels, minimizing disruption to normal vaginal and bowel microflora and exhibiting minimal bacterial resistance after decades of use. Indicated for treatment and long-term prophylaxis of acute uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections (cystitis) caused by susceptible E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Klebsiella species.

Torasemide (10mg) and Amiloride (5mg) Tablets is a fixed-dose loop and potassium-sparing diuretic combination. Torasemide blocks the Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter in the loop of Henle, while amiloride selectively blocks epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) in the late distal tubule and cortical collecting duct, preventing potassium loss driven by torasemide's high distal tubular sodium delivery. Indicated for refractory edema associated with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, and hepatic cirrhosis.

Pyridoxine Hydrochloride Tablets (50mg, 100mg, 100mg Sustained Release) is an oral Vitamin B6 formulation on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Converted to pyridoxal-5-phosphate (PLP), an essential cofactor for over 140 enzymatic reactions including synthesis of neurotransmitters (GABA, serotonin, dopamine) and heme synthesis. Indicated for prevention and treatment of drug-induced peripheral neuropathy (from isoniazid, cycloserine, penicillamine), pyridoxine-dependent seizures in infants, idiopathic morning sickness, and sideroblastic anemia.

Sildenafil Tablets (50mg, 100mg) and Orally Disintegrating Strips (50mg, 100mg) is a selective phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor on the WHO Model List framework. It inhibits PDE5 in the corpus cavernosum of the penis, preventing degradation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). During sexual stimulation, local nitric oxide release elevates cGMP, causing smooth muscle relaxation and cavernous arterial vasodilation, resulting in penile erection. Indicated for erectile dysfunction (ED) in adult men and off-label adjunctive therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Tadalafil Tablets (2.5mg, 5mg, 10mg, 20mg) and Orally Disintegrating Strips (10mg, 20mg) is a long-acting, highly selective PDE5 inhibitor on the WHO Model List framework. It features an extended elimination half-life of 17.5 hours and an effective therapeutic window of up to 36 hours ("the weekend pill"). Besides treating erectile dysfunction, it also relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder neck and prostate through cGMP elevation. Indicated for erectile dysfunction (ED), once-daily treatment for the signs and symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), and pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Tadalafil Tablets (2.5mg, 5mg, 10mg, 20mg) and Orally Disintegrating Strips (10mg, 20mg) is a long-acting, highly selective PDE5 inhibitor on the WHO Model List framework. It features an extended elimination half-life of 17.5 hours and an effective therapeutic window of up to 36 hours ("the weekend pill"). Besides treating erectile dysfunction, it also relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder neck and prostate through cGMP elevation. Indicated for erectile dysfunction (ED), once-daily treatment for the signs and symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), and pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Tadalafil Tablets (2.5mg, 5mg, 10mg, 20mg) and Orally Disintegrating Strips (10mg, 20mg) is a long-acting, highly selective PDE5 inhibitor on the WHO Model List framework. It features an extended elimination half-life of 17.5 hours and an effective therapeutic window of up to 36 hours ("the weekend pill"). Besides treating erectile dysfunction, it also relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder neck and prostate through cGMP elevation. Indicated for erectile dysfunction (ED), once-daily treatment for the signs and symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), and pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Tadalafil Tablets (2.5mg, 5mg, 10mg, 20mg) and Orally Disintegrating Strips (10mg, 20mg) is a long-acting, highly selective PDE5 inhibitor on the WHO Model List framework. It features an extended elimination half-life of 17.5 hours and an effective therapeutic window of up to 36 hours ("the weekend pill"). Besides treating erectile dysfunction, it also relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder neck and prostate through cGMP elevation. Indicated for erectile dysfunction (ED), once-daily treatment for the signs and symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), and pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Tadalafil Tablets (2.5mg, 5mg, 10mg, 20mg) and Orally Disintegrating Strips (10mg, 20mg) is a long-acting, highly selective PDE5 inhibitor on the WHO Model List framework. It features an extended elimination half-life of 17.5 hours and an effective therapeutic window of up to 36 hours ("the weekend pill"). Besides treating erectile dysfunction, it also relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder neck and prostate through cGMP elevation. Indicated for erectile dysfunction (ED), once-daily treatment for the signs and symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), and pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Vasopressin Injection (20 IU/ml) is a sterile parenteral formulation of endogenous nonapeptide hormone (antidiuretic hormone / ADH) on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It stimulates vascular V1a receptors on vascular smooth muscle to produce intense systemic vasoconstriction and renal V2 receptors to conserve water. Indicated for vasodilatory shock (septic shock, post-cardiotomy shock) refractory to high-dose norepinephrine, acute bleeding esophageal varices in portal hypertension, and management of severe central diabetes insipidus.