Respiratory & Allergy

Budesonide Inhalation / Nebuliser Suspension (100mcg, 200mcg MDI; 400mcg Rotacaps; 1mg/2ml Respules) is a potent inhaled glucocorticoid on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It diffuses into airway epithelial cells, binding to cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptors to inhibit multiple pro-inflammatory transcription factors (NF-kB, AP-1), dramatically reducing recruitment of eosinophils, T-lymphocytes, and mast cells while downregulating inflammatory cytokines. Undergoes reversible intracellular esterification with fatty acids, creating a prolonged mucosal depot. Indicated for maintenance treatment of bronchial asthma, croup (laryngotracheobronchitis in infants/children), and severe COPD.

Budesonide Inhalation / Nebuliser Suspension (100mcg, 200mcg MDI; 400mcg Rotacaps; 1mg/2ml Respules) is a potent inhaled glucocorticoid on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It diffuses into airway epithelial cells, binding to cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptors to inhibit multiple pro-inflammatory transcription factors (NF-kB, AP-1), dramatically reducing recruitment of eosinophils, T-lymphocytes, and mast cells while downregulating inflammatory cytokines. Undergoes reversible intracellular esterification with fatty acids, creating a prolonged mucosal depot. Indicated for maintenance treatment of bronchial asthma, croup (laryngotracheobronchitis in infants/children), and severe COPD.

Budesonide Inhalation / Nebuliser Suspension (100mcg, 200mcg MDI; 400mcg Rotacaps; 1mg/2ml Respules) is a potent inhaled glucocorticoid on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It diffuses into airway epithelial cells, binding to cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptors to inhibit multiple pro-inflammatory transcription factors (NF-kB, AP-1), dramatically reducing recruitment of eosinophils, T-lymphocytes, and mast cells while downregulating inflammatory cytokines. Undergoes reversible intracellular esterification with fatty acids, creating a prolonged mucosal depot. Indicated for maintenance treatment of bronchial asthma, croup (laryngotracheobronchitis in infants/children), and severe COPD.

Cetirizine Hydrochloride Tablets (5mg, 10mg) and Syrup (5mg/5ml) is a second-generation piperazine H1-antihistamine and active carboxylated metabolite of hydroxyzine on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It selectively antagonizes peripheral H1 receptors, blocking histamine-induced wheal, flare, capillary permeability, and sensory nerve activation, while also inhibiting late-phase cutaneous and bronchial eosinophil recruitment. Indicated for relief of symptoms associated with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and chronic idiopathic urticaria.

Cetirizine Hydrochloride Tablets (5mg, 10mg) and Syrup (5mg/5ml) is a second-generation piperazine H1-antihistamine and active carboxylated metabolite of hydroxyzine on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It selectively antagonizes peripheral H1 receptors, blocking histamine-induced wheal, flare, capillary permeability, and sensory nerve activation, while also inhibiting late-phase cutaneous and bronchial eosinophil recruitment. Indicated for relief of symptoms associated with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and chronic idiopathic urticaria.

Etophylline and Theophylline Tablets (77mg/23mg, 115mg/35mg PR, 231mg/69mg PR, 400mg Theophylline PR) is an oral methylxanthine bronchodilator on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Etophylline enhances the water solubility and gastric tolerance of theophylline. Inhibits phosphodiesterase and antagonizes adenosine receptors to provide continuous bronchodilation and enhance diaphragmatic muscle endurance. Indicated for long-term maintenance of reversible bronchospasm in bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, and COPD.

Fexofenadine Hydrochloride Tablets (120mg, 180mg) and Suspension (30mg/5ml) is a pure, non-sedating second-generation H1-receptor antagonist on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It is the active carboxylic acid metabolite of terfenadine, but completely lacks terfenadine's cardiotoxicity (does NOT block cardiac HERG potassium channels or cause QT prolongation/Torsades de Pointes). Does not cross the blood-brain barrier. Indicated for relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis (120 mg once daily) and chronic idiopathic urticaria (180 mg once daily).

Fexofenadine Hydrochloride Tablets (120mg, 180mg) and Suspension (30mg/5ml) is a pure, non-sedating second-generation H1-receptor antagonist on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It is the active carboxylic acid metabolite of terfenadine, but completely lacks terfenadine's cardiotoxicity (does NOT block cardiac HERG potassium channels or cause QT prolongation/Torsades de Pointes). Does not cross the blood-brain barrier. Indicated for relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis (120 mg once daily) and chronic idiopathic urticaria (180 mg once daily).

Cetirizine Hydrochloride Tablets (5mg, 10mg) and Syrup (5mg/5ml) is a second-generation piperazine H1-antihistamine and active carboxylated metabolite of hydroxyzine on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It selectively antagonizes peripheral H1 receptors, blocking histamine-induced wheal, flare, capillary permeability, and sensory nerve activation, while also inhibiting late-phase cutaneous and bronchial eosinophil recruitment. Indicated for relief of symptoms associated with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and chronic idiopathic urticaria.

Montelukast Sodium Tablets (5mg, 10mg) is an oral selective and competitive cysteinyl leukotriene receptor-1 (CysLT1) antagonist on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It blocks the binding of LTD4 (and LTC4/LTE4) to CysLT1 receptors on airway smooth muscle cells, bronchial mucosal endothelial cells, and eosinophils, inhibiting leukotriene-mediated bronchoconstriction, mucous hypersecretion, vascular permeability, and eosinophil migration. Indicated for prophylaxis and chronic treatment of bronchial asthma in adults and pediatric patients >=6 months, prevention of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, and relief of symptoms of allergic rhinitis.

Montelukast Sodium Tablets (5mg, 10mg) is an oral selective and competitive cysteinyl leukotriene receptor-1 (CysLT1) antagonist on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It blocks the binding of LTD4 (and LTC4/LTE4) to CysLT1 receptors on airway smooth muscle cells, bronchial mucosal endothelial cells, and eosinophils, inhibiting leukotriene-mediated bronchoconstriction, mucous hypersecretion, vascular permeability, and eosinophil migration. Indicated for prophylaxis and chronic treatment of bronchial asthma in adults and pediatric patients >=6 months, prevention of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, and relief of symptoms of allergic rhinitis.

Montelukast Sodium (4mg/10mg) and Levocetirizine Dihydrochloride (2.5mg/5mg Tablets, Syrup, with or without Ambroxol SR 75mg) is a premier dual-action antiallergic and anti-inflammatory combination on the WHO Model List framework. Montelukast is a selective cysteinyl leukotriene receptor-1 (CysLT1) antagonist that blocks the bronchoconstricting, mucus-secreting, and eosinophil-recruiting actions of LTD4. Levocetirizine is an active R-enantiomer second-generation H1-antihistamine that blocks histamine-mediated itching, sneezing, and vascular permeability. Together, they simultaneously block both early-phase (histamine) and late-phase (leukotriene) allergic inflammatory cascades. Indicated for seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, allergic rhinitis with co-existing asthma, and chronic urticaria.

Pheniramine Maleate Tablets (25mg) and Dexchlorpheniramine Tablets (2mg, 6mg Sustained Release) is an oral first-generation H1-antihistamine with anticholinergic and moderate sedative properties. Indicated for allergic rhinitis, urticaria, acute allergic skin eruptions, and drug rashes.

Salbutamol / Albuterol Inhalation (100mcg MDI, 200mcg Rotacaps) is the quintessential short-acting selective beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist (SABA) on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It binds to beta-2 adrenergic receptors on airway smooth muscle cells, activating adenylyl cyclase, elevating cyclic AMP, and causing rapid relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle within 3 to 5 minutes, lasting 4 to 6 hours. Indicated for immediate relief of acute bronchospasm in bronchial asthma, acute exacerbations of COPD, and prevention of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

Salbutamol Tablets (2mg, 4mg) and Syrup (2mg/5ml) is an oral selective beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle via adenylyl cyclase activation. Indicated for relief of bronchospasm in asthma and reversible obstructive airway disease when inhalation devices cannot be used (e.g. young children or severely arthritic patients).

Salbutamol Tablets (2mg, 4mg) and Syrup (2mg/5ml) is an oral selective beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle via adenylyl cyclase activation. Indicated for relief of bronchospasm in asthma and reversible obstructive airway disease when inhalation devices cannot be used (e.g. young children or severely arthritic patients).

Salbutamol Tablets (2mg, 4mg) and Syrup (2mg/5ml) is an oral selective beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle via adenylyl cyclase activation. Indicated for relief of bronchospasm in asthma and reversible obstructive airway disease when inhalation devices cannot be used (e.g. young children or severely arthritic patients).

Xylometazoline (0.1% w/v) and Oxymetazoline (0.5mg/ml) Nasal Drops / Spray is a topical sympathomimetic alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenergic agonist nasal decongestant on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors on post-capillary venules in the nasal mucosa, producing immediate vasoconstriction, shrinking engorged turbinates, reducing mucosal edema, and opening obstructed nasal airways within 2 to 5 minutes for up to 8 to 12 hours. Indicated for short-term relief of nasal congestion associated with common cold, sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, and otitis media.

Deflazacort Tablets (6mg) is an oral synthetic oxazoline derivative of prednisolone on the PMBI formulary. It exerts powerful anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions with significantly lower bone mineral resorption, reduced osteoclastogenesis, and lower diabetogenic/weight gain liability compared to conventional prednisone or dexamethasone. Indicated for severe refractory bronchial asthma, allergic disorders, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Salbutamol (100mcg) and Ipratropium Bromide (20mcg Inhaler) combines a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) with a short-acting muscarinic antagonist (SAMA) on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Salbutamol relaxes bronchial smooth muscle via cyclic AMP elevation; ipratropium blocks vagal acetylcholine-mediated bronchoconstriction at muscarinic M3 receptors. This dual-pathway approach produces greater, longer-lasting bronchodilation than either agent alone without added sympathomimetic side effects. Indicated for management of bronchospasm in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and acute severe asthma exacerbations.

Formoterol Fumarate (6mcg/12mcg) and Budesonide (100mcg/200mcg/400mcg Inhaler, Rotacaps, Powder, or Nebuliser Suspension) is a gold-standard fixed-dose combination on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Budesonide is a potent inhaled glucocorticoid that suppresses airway mucosal inflammation, reduces microvascular permeability, and decreases hyperresponsiveness. Formoterol is a rapid-onset, long-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist (LABA) that stimulates adenylyl cyclase, relaxes bronchial smooth muscle within 1-3 minutes, and provides sustained bronchodilation for >12 hours. Recommended by GINA guidelines as preferred Maintenance and Reliever Therapy (SMART / MART). Indicated for maintenance and rescue relief of bronchial asthma and symptomatic maintenance of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Salmeterol Xinafoate (25mcg/50mcg) and Fluticasone Propionate (100mcg/250mcg/500mcg Inhaler, Rotacaps) is a benchmark inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting beta-2 agonist combination on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Fluticasone exerts profound local anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and anti-edematous effects in bronchial mucosa with low systemic bioavailability due to extensive first-pass metabolism. Salmeterol provides long-acting bronchodilation lasting over 12 hours via persistent beta-2 receptor activation. Indicated for maintenance therapy of persistent bronchial asthma and maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with severe COPD and recurrent exacerbations.

Salbutamol Tablets (2mg, 4mg) and Syrup (2mg/5ml) is an oral selective beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle via adenylyl cyclase activation. Indicated for relief of bronchospasm in asthma and reversible obstructive airway disease when inhalation devices cannot be used (e.g. young children or severely arthritic patients).

Acetylcysteine Tablets / Effervescent Tablets (600mg) is an oral mucolytic and intracellular antioxidant precursor on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Its free sulfhydryl (-SH) group chemically splits disulfide bonds in mucoprotein complexes, breaking cross-linked polymers and dramatically reducing the viscosity of purulent, thick bronchial mucus to facilitate expectoration. It also replenishes intracellular cysteine pools for glutathione synthesis, protecting lung tissues against oxidative stress. Indicated for acute and chronic bronchopulmonary disorders with excessive, viscous mucus (COPD, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis) and contrast-induced nephropathy prevention.

Budesonide Inhalation / Nebuliser Suspension (100mcg, 200mcg MDI; 400mcg Rotacaps; 1mg/2ml Respules) is a potent inhaled glucocorticoid on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It diffuses into airway epithelial cells, binding to cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptors to inhibit multiple pro-inflammatory transcription factors (NF-kB, AP-1), dramatically reducing recruitment of eosinophils, T-lymphocytes, and mast cells while downregulating inflammatory cytokines. Undergoes reversible intracellular esterification with fatty acids, creating a prolonged mucosal depot. Indicated for maintenance treatment of bronchial asthma, croup (laryngotracheobronchitis in infants/children), and severe COPD.

Acebrophylline Capsules / Tablets (100mg, 200mg Sustained Release; alone or with Montelukast 10mg or Acetylcysteine 600mg) is a fixed salt of ambroxol and theophylline-7-acetic acid on the PMBI formulary. It exerts a triple therapeutic action: potent bronchodilation via phosphodiesterase inhibition; mucoregulatory and surfactant-stimulating action via ambroxol (stimulating alveolar type II pneumocytes to produce pulmonary surfactant, reducing mucus viscosity and improving mucociliary clearance); and anti-inflammatory inhibition of phospholipase A2 and leukotriene C4. Indicated for bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis, and chronic spastic bronchitis with thick viscid sputum.

Saline Nasal Drops (Sodium Chloride 0.65% w/v isotonic/buffered solution) is a safe physiological nasal rinse on the WHO Model List framework. It moisturizes dry crusted nasal mucosa, thins tenacious mucus, flushes out airborne allergens, dust, and irritants, and restores natural mucociliary clearance without rebound congestion or systemic side effects. Indicated for nasal congestion, dry nasal passages, infant stuffy nose, sinusitis, and post-nasal surgery hygiene.

Menthol (55 mg ± 5.) Cinnamon (12.5 mg ± 2) + Pine Oil (112.5 mg ± 1) Soft Capsules is an established pharmaceutical agent in the Respiratory & Allergy category on the PMBI National Formulary. Formulated to treat obstructive airway disease, cough, or allergic disorders according to verified pharmacopoeial standards.

Fluticasone Propionate Respules (0.5mg per 2ml) is an inhaled corticosteroid nebulizer suspension on the WHO Model List framework. Delivers high topical anti-inflammatory potency to bronchial mucosal tissues. Indicated for maintenance management of severe persistent asthma and acute exacerbations in pediatric and adult patients unable to coordinate inhaler devices.

Doxofylline Tablets (400mg; alone or with Montelukast 10mg) is a novel xanthine derivative bronchodilator on the PMBI formulary. Unlike theophylline, it contains a dioxolane group at position 7 that specifically inhibits phosphodiesterase without binding to adenosine receptors or interfering with calcium influx. This confers potent bronchodilatory and anti-inflammatory activity with dramatically fewer cardiac, gastric, and CNS side effects (negligible tachycardia, insomnia, or gastric hypersecretion) and a 10-fold wider therapeutic window. Indicated for maintenance treatment of bronchial asthma, COPD, and spastic bronchitis.

Montelukast Sodium (10mg) and Fexofenadine Hydrochloride (120mg Tablets, Suspension) is a non-sedating dual antiallergic combination. Fexofenadine is a pure second-generation H1-receptor antagonist that does not cross the blood-brain barrier (completely non-sedating), while montelukast blocks cysteinyl leukotriene CysLT1 receptors. Indicated for relief of symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis (sneezing, runny nose, itchy/watery eyes, nasal congestion) in patients needing daytime alertness.

Azelastine Hydrochloride (140mcg) and Fluticasone Propionate (50mcg) Nasal Spray is a fixed-dose second-generation H1-antihistamine and corticosteroid combination on the WHO Model List framework. Azelastine provides rapid-onset (within 15 minutes) blockade of histamine H1 receptors, relieving sneezing, nasal itching, and rhinorrhea. Fluticasone provides sustained 24-hour suppression of mucosal inflammation, relieving stubborn nasal congestion. Proven significantly superior to either monotherapy for Moderate-to-Severe Allergic Rhinitis and seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis.

Fluticasone Propionate / Fluticasone Furoate Nasal Spray (27.5mcg, 50mcg per spray) is a synthetic trifluorinated corticosteroid on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It binds with exceptionally high affinity to glucocorticoid receptors in the nasal mucosa, inhibiting mediator release (histamine, leukotrienes, cytokines) with virtually negligible systemic oral bioavailability (<0.1%). Indicated for management of seasonal allergic rhinitis, perennial allergic rhinitis, and nasal polyposis.

Salbutamol Tablets (2mg, 4mg) and Syrup (2mg/5ml) is an oral selective beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle via adenylyl cyclase activation. Indicated for relief of bronchospasm in asthma and reversible obstructive airway disease when inhalation devices cannot be used (e.g. young children or severely arthritic patients).

Loratadine (10mg) and Desloratadine (5mg, 10mg) Tablets is a non-sedating second-generation tricyclic H1-antihistamine on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Desloratadine is the active metabolite with >14-fold higher affinity for H1 receptors and an extended half-life of 27 hours. Indicated for symptomatic relief of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria.

Xylometazoline (0.1% w/v) and Oxymetazoline (0.5mg/ml) Nasal Drops / Spray is a topical sympathomimetic alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenergic agonist nasal decongestant on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors on post-capillary venules in the nasal mucosa, producing immediate vasoconstriction, shrinking engorged turbinates, reducing mucosal edema, and opening obstructed nasal airways within 2 to 5 minutes for up to 8 to 12 hours. Indicated for short-term relief of nasal congestion associated with common cold, sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, and otitis media.

Tiotropium Bromide (18mcg) and Formoterol Fumarate (12mcg, with or without Ciclesonide 400mcg / Inhaler / Rotacaps) is a dual/triple bronchodilator therapy for advanced COPD and severe refractory asthma. Tiotropium is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) with prolonged M3 receptor dissociation kinetics (>36 hours); formoterol is a fast-acting LABA; ciclesonide is an on-site activated corticosteroid prodrug. Indicated for maintenance treatment of severe COPD and persistent severe asthma with frequent exacerbations.

Tiotropium Bromide (18mcg) and Formoterol Fumarate (12mcg, with or without Ciclesonide 400mcg / Inhaler / Rotacaps) is a dual/triple bronchodilator therapy for advanced COPD and severe refractory asthma. Tiotropium is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) with prolonged M3 receptor dissociation kinetics (>36 hours); formoterol is a fast-acting LABA; ciclesonide is an on-site activated corticosteroid prodrug. Indicated for maintenance treatment of severe COPD and persistent severe asthma with frequent exacerbations.

Ipratropium Bromide Inhaler (20mcg) and Respirator Solution (250mcg per ml) is an inhaled synthetic quaternary ammonium anticholinergic bronchodilator on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It competitively antagonizes muscarinic M1, M2, and M3 receptors on bronchial smooth muscle, blocking acetylcholine released from parasympathetic vagal efferents. Because of its quaternary structure, it does not cross mucosal membranes or the blood-brain barrier, exerting localized bronchodilation with minimal systemic anticholinergic adverse effects. Indicated for maintenance bronchodilation and acute relief of bronchospasm in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and adjunctive management of severe acute asthma.

Salbutamol (100mcg) and Ipratropium Bromide (20mcg Inhaler) combines a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) with a short-acting muscarinic antagonist (SAMA) on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Salbutamol relaxes bronchial smooth muscle via cyclic AMP elevation; ipratropium blocks vagal acetylcholine-mediated bronchoconstriction at muscarinic M3 receptors. This dual-pathway approach produces greater, longer-lasting bronchodilation than either agent alone without added sympathomimetic side effects. Indicated for management of bronchospasm in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and acute severe asthma exacerbations.

Salmeterol Xinafoate (25mcg/50mcg) and Fluticasone Propionate (100mcg/250mcg/500mcg Inhaler, Rotacaps) is a benchmark inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting beta-2 agonist combination on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Fluticasone exerts profound local anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and anti-edematous effects in bronchial mucosa with low systemic bioavailability due to extensive first-pass metabolism. Salmeterol provides long-acting bronchodilation lasting over 12 hours via persistent beta-2 receptor activation. Indicated for maintenance therapy of persistent bronchial asthma and maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with severe COPD and recurrent exacerbations.

Cetirizine Hydrochloride Tablets (5mg, 10mg) and Syrup (5mg/5ml) is a second-generation piperazine H1-antihistamine and active carboxylated metabolite of hydroxyzine on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It selectively antagonizes peripheral H1 receptors, blocking histamine-induced wheal, flare, capillary permeability, and sensory nerve activation, while also inhibiting late-phase cutaneous and bronchial eosinophil recruitment. Indicated for relief of symptoms associated with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and chronic idiopathic urticaria.

Ambroxol, Guaifenesin, and Bromhexine Expectorant Formulations (with Levosalbutamol or Terbutaline Syrup) is a comprehensive wet cough and mucociliary clearance formula on the PMBI formulary. Ambroxol stimulates pulmonary surfactant secretion by type II pneumocytes and depolymerizes mucopolysaccharides; bromhexine fragments mucin fibers; guaifenesin increases the volume and hydration of respiratory secretions, reducing mucus adhesiveness; and levosalbutamol/terbutaline relaxes bronchial smooth muscle. Indicated for productive wet cough associated with acute bronchitis, COPD, bronchiectasis, asthma, and tracheobronchitis.

Etophylline and Theophylline Tablets (77mg/23mg, 115mg/35mg PR, 231mg/69mg PR, 400mg Theophylline PR) is an oral methylxanthine bronchodilator on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Etophylline enhances the water solubility and gastric tolerance of theophylline. Inhibits phosphodiesterase and antagonizes adenosine receptors to provide continuous bronchodilation and enhance diaphragmatic muscle endurance. Indicated for long-term maintenance of reversible bronchospasm in bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, and COPD.

Etophylline and Theophylline Tablets (77mg/23mg, 115mg/35mg PR, 231mg/69mg PR, 400mg Theophylline PR) is an oral methylxanthine bronchodilator on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Etophylline enhances the water solubility and gastric tolerance of theophylline. Inhibits phosphodiesterase and antagonizes adenosine receptors to provide continuous bronchodilation and enhance diaphragmatic muscle endurance. Indicated for long-term maintenance of reversible bronchospasm in bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, and COPD.

Inhalant Softgel Capsules and Throat Sprays (Camphor, Menthol, Eucalyptol, Chlorothymol, Terpineol, Chamomile, Sage, Pine oil) is an aromatic essential oil steam inhalant and soothing throat formulation. When dissolved in hot water or sprayed, volatile vapors stimulate sensory trigeminal thermoreceptors (TRPM8), providing a subjective sensation of cool, unobstructed nasal breathing, while exerting mild antiseptic and secretomotor action on the respiratory tract. Indicated for symptomatic relief of nasal congestion, cold symptoms, catarrh, and sore throat.

Ambroxol, Guaifenesin, and Bromhexine Expectorant Formulations (with Levosalbutamol or Terbutaline Syrup) is a comprehensive wet cough and mucociliary clearance formula on the PMBI formulary. Ambroxol stimulates pulmonary surfactant secretion by type II pneumocytes and depolymerizes mucopolysaccharides; bromhexine fragments mucin fibers; guaifenesin increases the volume and hydration of respiratory secretions, reducing mucus adhesiveness; and levosalbutamol/terbutaline relaxes bronchial smooth muscle. Indicated for productive wet cough associated with acute bronchitis, COPD, bronchiectasis, asthma, and tracheobronchitis.

Pheniramine Maleate Tablets (25mg) and Dexchlorpheniramine Tablets (2mg, 6mg Sustained Release) is an oral first-generation H1-antihistamine with anticholinergic and moderate sedative properties. Indicated for allergic rhinitis, urticaria, acute allergic skin eruptions, and drug rashes.

Pheniramine Maleate Tablets (25mg) and Dexchlorpheniramine Tablets (2mg, 6mg Sustained Release) is an oral first-generation H1-antihistamine with anticholinergic and moderate sedative properties. Indicated for allergic rhinitis, urticaria, acute allergic skin eruptions, and drug rashes.

Pheniramine Maleate Injection (22.75mg/ml) (Avil) is a parenteral first-generation alkylamine H1-antihistamine on the WHO Model List framework. It competitively blocks H1 receptors, rapidly relieving severe acute allergic reactions, angioedema, serum sickness, drug eruptions, and anaphylaxis (as adjunctive therapy following adrenaline).

Acetazolamide Tablets (250mg) is an oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. By inhibiting carbonic anhydrase in renal proximal tubules, it promotes bicarbonate excretion, inducing mild metabolic acidosis which stimulates central chemoreceptors, driving hyperventilation and arterial oxygenation. Indicated for prevention and treatment of Acute Mountain Sickness (altitude illness), central sleep apnea in severe COPD, and open-angle glaucoma.

Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Syrup (13.5mg/5ml), Lozenges (5mg; alone or with Phenylephrine and Chlorpheniramine) is an oral centrally acting non-opioid antitussive on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It acts as an agonist at sigma-1 receptors and a non-competitive antagonist at NMDA glutamate receptors in the medullary cough center of the brainstem, raising the threshold for coughing without suppressing respiratory drive, inhibiting mucociliary clearance, or causing opioid dependence. Indicated for temporary relief of dry, hacking, non-productive cough caused by minor throat and bronchial irritation from the common cold or inhaled irritants.

Ebastine Tablets (10mg; alone or with Phenylephrine 10mg) is a long-acting, non-sedating second-generation H1-antihistamine. It is rapidly converted to active carebastine, providing durable 24-hour peripheral H1 blockade without anticholinergic or sedative impairment. Phenylephrine adds alpha-1 adrenergic nasal decongestion. Indicated for seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria.

Formoterol Fumarate (6mcg) and Fluticasone Propionate (250mcg Inhaler / Powder for Inhalation) combines a rapid-onset, long-acting beta-2 agonist with a high-affinity synthetic fluorinated corticosteroid. Delivers fast bronchodilation within minutes along with comprehensive mucosal anti-inflammatory suppression. Indicated for regular maintenance treatment of persistent asthma in patients not adequately controlled on inhaled corticosteroids alone.

Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride Tablets (10mg, 25mg), Drops (6mg/ml), and Syrup (10mg/5ml) is a first-generation piperazine H1-antihistamine with potent central sedative, anxiolytic, and antipruritic properties on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It blocks peripheral H1 receptors to suppress histamine-induced pruritus and urticaria, and suppresses subcortical CNS areas to alleviate acute anxiety. Indicated for symptomatic relief of severe pruritus associated with allergic conditions (chronic urticaria, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis), sedation prior to dental/surgical procedures, and management of generalized anxiety.

Salbutamol / Albuterol Inhalation (100mcg MDI, 200mcg Rotacaps) is the quintessential short-acting selective beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist (SABA) on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It binds to beta-2 adrenergic receptors on airway smooth muscle cells, activating adenylyl cyclase, elevating cyclic AMP, and causing rapid relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle within 3 to 5 minutes, lasting 4 to 6 hours. Indicated for immediate relief of acute bronchospasm in bronchial asthma, acute exacerbations of COPD, and prevention of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

Acetylcysteine Injection (200mg/ml) is a sterile parenteral mucolytic and life-saving antidote on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. In paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose, it replenishes depleted intracellular hepatic glutathione stores and conjugates directly with toxic NAPQI (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine), preventing fatal hepatic centrilobular necrosis. Indicated as the specific antidote for acute paracetamol overdose and as an intravenous mucolytic in atelectasis / thick mucous plugging.

Gabapentin (300mg) and Amitriptyline (10mg) Tablets combines an alpha-2-delta calcium channel ligand with a tricyclic antidepressant. Gabapentin reduces excitatory neurotransmitter release, while amitriptyline potentiates descending serotonergic/noradrenergic inhibitory pain pathways. Indicated for chronic refractory neurogenic cough, post-herpetic neuralgia, and neuropathic pain syndromes.

Noscapine Syrup (1.83mg per 5ml) is a natural benzylisoquinoline alkaloid antitussive derived from the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) on the WHO Model List framework. It acts centrally as a potent sigma receptor agonist to suppress the medullary cough reflex, while completely lacking opioid analgesia, respiratory depression, constipation, or addiction liability. Indicated for relief of dry, irritating, non-productive cough.

Diphenhydramine (13.5mg), Ammonium Chloride (135mg), Sodium Citrate (57mg), and Menthol Cough Syrup is a classic multi-action antitussive and expectorant syrup. Diphenhydramine provides central antitussive action and H1-antihistaminic relief; ammonium chloride is an irritant expectorant that liquefies bronchial secretions; sodium citrate acts as a mild systemic buffer; and menthol provides cooling soothing throat relief. Indicated for cough, cold, and throat irritation.

Acebrophylline Capsules / Tablets (100mg, 200mg Sustained Release; alone or with Montelukast 10mg or Acetylcysteine 600mg) is a fixed salt of ambroxol and theophylline-7-acetic acid on the PMBI formulary. It exerts a triple therapeutic action: potent bronchodilation via phosphodiesterase inhibition; mucoregulatory and surfactant-stimulating action via ambroxol (stimulating alveolar type II pneumocytes to produce pulmonary surfactant, reducing mucus viscosity and improving mucociliary clearance); and anti-inflammatory inhibition of phospholipase A2 and leukotriene C4. Indicated for bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis, and chronic spastic bronchitis with thick viscid sputum.

Fluticasone Propionate / Fluticasone Furoate Nasal Spray (27.5mcg, 50mcg per spray) is a synthetic trifluorinated corticosteroid on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It binds with exceptionally high affinity to glucocorticoid receptors in the nasal mucosa, inhibiting mediator release (histamine, leukotrienes, cytokines) with virtually negligible systemic oral bioavailability (<0.1%). Indicated for management of seasonal allergic rhinitis, perennial allergic rhinitis, and nasal polyposis.

Etophylline and Theophylline Tablets (77mg/23mg, 115mg/35mg PR, 231mg/69mg PR, 400mg Theophylline PR) is an oral methylxanthine bronchodilator on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Etophylline enhances the water solubility and gastric tolerance of theophylline. Inhibits phosphodiesterase and antagonizes adenosine receptors to provide continuous bronchodilation and enhance diaphragmatic muscle endurance. Indicated for long-term maintenance of reversible bronchospasm in bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, and COPD.

Ambroxol, Guaifenesin, and Bromhexine Expectorant Formulations (with Levosalbutamol or Terbutaline Syrup) is a comprehensive wet cough and mucociliary clearance formula on the PMBI formulary. Ambroxol stimulates pulmonary surfactant secretion by type II pneumocytes and depolymerizes mucopolysaccharides; bromhexine fragments mucin fibers; guaifenesin increases the volume and hydration of respiratory secretions, reducing mucus adhesiveness; and levosalbutamol/terbutaline relaxes bronchial smooth muscle. Indicated for productive wet cough associated with acute bronchitis, COPD, bronchiectasis, asthma, and tracheobronchitis.

Acebrophylline Capsules / Tablets (100mg, 200mg Sustained Release; alone or with Montelukast 10mg or Acetylcysteine 600mg) is a fixed salt of ambroxol and theophylline-7-acetic acid on the PMBI formulary. It exerts a triple therapeutic action: potent bronchodilation via phosphodiesterase inhibition; mucoregulatory and surfactant-stimulating action via ambroxol (stimulating alveolar type II pneumocytes to produce pulmonary surfactant, reducing mucus viscosity and improving mucociliary clearance); and anti-inflammatory inhibition of phospholipase A2 and leukotriene C4. Indicated for bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis, and chronic spastic bronchitis with thick viscid sputum.

Acebrophylline Capsules / Tablets (100mg, 200mg Sustained Release; alone or with Montelukast 10mg or Acetylcysteine 600mg) is a fixed salt of ambroxol and theophylline-7-acetic acid on the PMBI formulary. It exerts a triple therapeutic action: potent bronchodilation via phosphodiesterase inhibition; mucoregulatory and surfactant-stimulating action via ambroxol (stimulating alveolar type II pneumocytes to produce pulmonary surfactant, reducing mucus viscosity and improving mucociliary clearance); and anti-inflammatory inhibition of phospholipase A2 and leukotriene C4. Indicated for bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis, and chronic spastic bronchitis with thick viscid sputum.

Bepotastine Besilate (10mg) and Olopatadine (5mg) Tablets is an oral selective second-generation H1-receptor antagonist and mast cell stabilizer. It blocks peripheral H1 receptors and prevents mast cell degranulation, suppressing inflammatory cytokine (IL-5, leukotriene) release. Indicated for allergic rhinitis, pruritus, and chronic urticaria.

Bilastine Tablets (20mg) is a modern, highly selective second-generation H1-antihistamine on the PMBI formulary. It exhibits zero affinity for 30 other receptors (including muscarinic, adrenergic, serotonergic, and dopaminergic), does not cross the blood-brain barrier, does not undergo hepatic cytochrome P450 metabolism, and does not block cardiac potassium HERG channels. Indicated for symptomatic treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (seasonal and perennial) and urticaria in adults and adolescents >=12 years.

Desloratadine (5mg) and Montelukast (10mg Tablets) combines the active descarboethoxyl metabolite of loratadine with a CysLT1 leukotriene antagonist. Indicated for allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma.

Fexofenadine Hydrochloride Tablets (120mg, 180mg) and Suspension (30mg/5ml) is a pure, non-sedating second-generation H1-receptor antagonist on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It is the active carboxylic acid metabolite of terfenadine, but completely lacks terfenadine's cardiotoxicity (does NOT block cardiac HERG potassium channels or cause QT prolongation/Torsades de Pointes). Does not cross the blood-brain barrier. Indicated for relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis (120 mg once daily) and chronic idiopathic urticaria (180 mg once daily).

Formoterol Fumarate (6mcg/12mcg) and Budesonide (100mcg/200mcg/400mcg Inhaler, Rotacaps, Powder, or Nebuliser Suspension) is a gold-standard fixed-dose combination on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Budesonide is a potent inhaled glucocorticoid that suppresses airway mucosal inflammation, reduces microvascular permeability, and decreases hyperresponsiveness. Formoterol is a rapid-onset, long-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist (LABA) that stimulates adenylyl cyclase, relaxes bronchial smooth muscle within 1-3 minutes, and provides sustained bronchodilation for >12 hours. Recommended by GINA guidelines as preferred Maintenance and Reliever Therapy (SMART / MART). Indicated for maintenance and rescue relief of bronchial asthma and symptomatic maintenance of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Formoterol Fumarate (6mcg/12mcg) and Budesonide (100mcg/200mcg/400mcg Inhaler, Rotacaps, Powder, or Nebuliser Suspension) is a gold-standard fixed-dose combination on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Budesonide is a potent inhaled glucocorticoid that suppresses airway mucosal inflammation, reduces microvascular permeability, and decreases hyperresponsiveness. Formoterol is a rapid-onset, long-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist (LABA) that stimulates adenylyl cyclase, relaxes bronchial smooth muscle within 1-3 minutes, and provides sustained bronchodilation for >12 hours. Recommended by GINA guidelines as preferred Maintenance and Reliever Therapy (SMART / MART). Indicated for maintenance and rescue relief of bronchial asthma and symptomatic maintenance of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Formoterol Fumarate (6mcg/12mcg) and Budesonide (100mcg/200mcg/400mcg Inhaler, Rotacaps, Powder, or Nebuliser Suspension) is a gold-standard fixed-dose combination on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Budesonide is a potent inhaled glucocorticoid that suppresses airway mucosal inflammation, reduces microvascular permeability, and decreases hyperresponsiveness. Formoterol is a rapid-onset, long-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist (LABA) that stimulates adenylyl cyclase, relaxes bronchial smooth muscle within 1-3 minutes, and provides sustained bronchodilation for >12 hours. Recommended by GINA guidelines as preferred Maintenance and Reliever Therapy (SMART / MART). Indicated for maintenance and rescue relief of bronchial asthma and symptomatic maintenance of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Formoterol Fumarate (6mcg/12mcg) and Budesonide (100mcg/200mcg/400mcg Inhaler, Rotacaps, Powder, or Nebuliser Suspension) is a gold-standard fixed-dose combination on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Budesonide is a potent inhaled glucocorticoid that suppresses airway mucosal inflammation, reduces microvascular permeability, and decreases hyperresponsiveness. Formoterol is a rapid-onset, long-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist (LABA) that stimulates adenylyl cyclase, relaxes bronchial smooth muscle within 1-3 minutes, and provides sustained bronchodilation for >12 hours. Recommended by GINA guidelines as preferred Maintenance and Reliever Therapy (SMART / MART). Indicated for maintenance and rescue relief of bronchial asthma and symptomatic maintenance of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Formoterol Fumarate (6mcg/12mcg) and Budesonide (100mcg/200mcg/400mcg Inhaler, Rotacaps, Powder, or Nebuliser Suspension) is a gold-standard fixed-dose combination on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Budesonide is a potent inhaled glucocorticoid that suppresses airway mucosal inflammation, reduces microvascular permeability, and decreases hyperresponsiveness. Formoterol is a rapid-onset, long-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist (LABA) that stimulates adenylyl cyclase, relaxes bronchial smooth muscle within 1-3 minutes, and provides sustained bronchodilation for >12 hours. Recommended by GINA guidelines as preferred Maintenance and Reliever Therapy (SMART / MART). Indicated for maintenance and rescue relief of bronchial asthma and symptomatic maintenance of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Formoterol Fumarate (6mcg/12mcg) and Budesonide (100mcg/200mcg/400mcg Inhaler, Rotacaps, Powder, or Nebuliser Suspension) is a gold-standard fixed-dose combination on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Budesonide is a potent inhaled glucocorticoid that suppresses airway mucosal inflammation, reduces microvascular permeability, and decreases hyperresponsiveness. Formoterol is a rapid-onset, long-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist (LABA) that stimulates adenylyl cyclase, relaxes bronchial smooth muscle within 1-3 minutes, and provides sustained bronchodilation for >12 hours. Recommended by GINA guidelines as preferred Maintenance and Reliever Therapy (SMART / MART). Indicated for maintenance and rescue relief of bronchial asthma and symptomatic maintenance of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Formoterol Fumarate (6mcg) and Fluticasone Propionate (250mcg Inhaler / Powder for Inhalation) combines a rapid-onset, long-acting beta-2 agonist with a high-affinity synthetic fluorinated corticosteroid. Delivers fast bronchodilation within minutes along with comprehensive mucosal anti-inflammatory suppression. Indicated for regular maintenance treatment of persistent asthma in patients not adequately controlled on inhaled corticosteroids alone.

Ambroxol, Guaifenesin, and Bromhexine Expectorant Formulations (with Levosalbutamol or Terbutaline Syrup) is a comprehensive wet cough and mucociliary clearance formula on the PMBI formulary. Ambroxol stimulates pulmonary surfactant secretion by type II pneumocytes and depolymerizes mucopolysaccharides; bromhexine fragments mucin fibers; guaifenesin increases the volume and hydration of respiratory secretions, reducing mucus adhesiveness; and levosalbutamol/terbutaline relaxes bronchial smooth muscle. Indicated for productive wet cough associated with acute bronchitis, COPD, bronchiectasis, asthma, and tracheobronchitis.

Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride Tablets (10mg, 25mg), Drops (6mg/ml), and Syrup (10mg/5ml) is a first-generation piperazine H1-antihistamine with potent central sedative, anxiolytic, and antipruritic properties on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It blocks peripheral H1 receptors to suppress histamine-induced pruritus and urticaria, and suppresses subcortical CNS areas to alleviate acute anxiety. Indicated for symptomatic relief of severe pruritus associated with allergic conditions (chronic urticaria, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis), sedation prior to dental/surgical procedures, and management of generalized anxiety.

Indacaterol (110mcg) and Glycopyrronium (50mcg Powder for Inhalation) is a dual-bronchodilator combination (LABA + LAMA) on the WHO Model List framework. Indacaterol relaxes airway smooth muscle by stimulating beta-2 adrenergic receptors; glycopyrronium competitively blocks muscarinic M3 receptors on bronchial smooth muscle, inhibiting acetylcholine-mediated bronchoconstriction. Combining two distinct bronchodilator mechanisms delivers superior lung function improvement (FEV1), dyspnea reduction, and exacerbation prevention compared to either monotherapy. Indicated for once-daily maintenance bronchodilator treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Cetirizine Hydrochloride Tablets (5mg, 10mg) and Syrup (5mg/5ml) is a second-generation piperazine H1-antihistamine and active carboxylated metabolite of hydroxyzine on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It selectively antagonizes peripheral H1 receptors, blocking histamine-induced wheal, flare, capillary permeability, and sensory nerve activation, while also inhibiting late-phase cutaneous and bronchial eosinophil recruitment. Indicated for relief of symptoms associated with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and chronic idiopathic urticaria.

Pheniramine Maleate Tablets (25mg) and Dexchlorpheniramine Tablets (2mg, 6mg Sustained Release) is an oral first-generation H1-antihistamine with anticholinergic and moderate sedative properties. Indicated for allergic rhinitis, urticaria, acute allergic skin eruptions, and drug rashes.

Levosalbutamol (50mcg/100mcg) and Beclomethasone Dipropionate (50mcg/100mcg/200mcg Inhaler, Rotacaps) combines the active (R)-enantiomer of salbutamol with a synthetic glucocorticoid. Levosalbutamol provides rapid-acting selective beta-2 bronchodilation without the adverse tachycardia, tremor, and pro-inflammatory effects associated with the inert (S)-isomer. Beclomethasone suppresses underlying eosinophilic airway inflammation and edema. Indicated for maintenance and symptomatic treatment of mild-to-moderate bronchial asthma.

Levosalbutamol (50mcg/100mcg) and Beclomethasone Dipropionate (50mcg/100mcg/200mcg Inhaler, Rotacaps) combines the active (R)-enantiomer of salbutamol with a synthetic glucocorticoid. Levosalbutamol provides rapid-acting selective beta-2 bronchodilation without the adverse tachycardia, tremor, and pro-inflammatory effects associated with the inert (S)-isomer. Beclomethasone suppresses underlying eosinophilic airway inflammation and edema. Indicated for maintenance and symptomatic treatment of mild-to-moderate bronchial asthma.

Levosalbutamol (50mcg/100mcg) and Beclomethasone Dipropionate (50mcg/100mcg/200mcg Inhaler, Rotacaps) combines the active (R)-enantiomer of salbutamol with a synthetic glucocorticoid. Levosalbutamol provides rapid-acting selective beta-2 bronchodilation without the adverse tachycardia, tremor, and pro-inflammatory effects associated with the inert (S)-isomer. Beclomethasone suppresses underlying eosinophilic airway inflammation and edema. Indicated for maintenance and symptomatic treatment of mild-to-moderate bronchial asthma.

Budesonide Inhalation / Nebuliser Suspension (100mcg, 200mcg MDI; 400mcg Rotacaps; 1mg/2ml Respules) is a potent inhaled glucocorticoid on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It diffuses into airway epithelial cells, binding to cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptors to inhibit multiple pro-inflammatory transcription factors (NF-kB, AP-1), dramatically reducing recruitment of eosinophils, T-lymphocytes, and mast cells while downregulating inflammatory cytokines. Undergoes reversible intracellular esterification with fatty acids, creating a prolonged mucosal depot. Indicated for maintenance treatment of bronchial asthma, croup (laryngotracheobronchitis in infants/children), and severe COPD.

Salbutamol (100mcg) and Ipratropium Bromide (20mcg Inhaler) combines a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) with a short-acting muscarinic antagonist (SAMA) on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Salbutamol relaxes bronchial smooth muscle via cyclic AMP elevation; ipratropium blocks vagal acetylcholine-mediated bronchoconstriction at muscarinic M3 receptors. This dual-pathway approach produces greater, longer-lasting bronchodilation than either agent alone without added sympathomimetic side effects. Indicated for management of bronchospasm in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and acute severe asthma exacerbations.

Salbutamol / Albuterol Inhalation (100mcg MDI, 200mcg Rotacaps) is the quintessential short-acting selective beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist (SABA) on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It binds to beta-2 adrenergic receptors on airway smooth muscle cells, activating adenylyl cyclase, elevating cyclic AMP, and causing rapid relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle within 3 to 5 minutes, lasting 4 to 6 hours. Indicated for immediate relief of acute bronchospasm in bronchial asthma, acute exacerbations of COPD, and prevention of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

Montelukast Sodium (4mg/10mg) and Levocetirizine Dihydrochloride (2.5mg/5mg Tablets, Syrup, with or without Ambroxol SR 75mg) is a premier dual-action antiallergic and anti-inflammatory combination on the WHO Model List framework. Montelukast is a selective cysteinyl leukotriene receptor-1 (CysLT1) antagonist that blocks the bronchoconstricting, mucus-secreting, and eosinophil-recruiting actions of LTD4. Levocetirizine is an active R-enantiomer second-generation H1-antihistamine that blocks histamine-mediated itching, sneezing, and vascular permeability. Together, they simultaneously block both early-phase (histamine) and late-phase (leukotriene) allergic inflammatory cascades. Indicated for seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, allergic rhinitis with co-existing asthma, and chronic urticaria.

Pheniramine Maleate Tablets (25mg) and Dexchlorpheniramine Tablets (2mg, 6mg Sustained Release) is an oral first-generation H1-antihistamine with anticholinergic and moderate sedative properties. Indicated for allergic rhinitis, urticaria, acute allergic skin eruptions, and drug rashes.

Pheniramine Maleate Tablets (25mg) and Dexchlorpheniramine Tablets (2mg, 6mg Sustained Release) is an oral first-generation H1-antihistamine with anticholinergic and moderate sedative properties. Indicated for allergic rhinitis, urticaria, acute allergic skin eruptions, and drug rashes.

Pheniramine Maleate Tablets (25mg) and Dexchlorpheniramine Tablets (2mg, 6mg Sustained Release) is an oral first-generation H1-antihistamine with anticholinergic and moderate sedative properties. Indicated for allergic rhinitis, urticaria, acute allergic skin eruptions, and drug rashes.

Pheniramine Maleate Tablets (25mg) and Dexchlorpheniramine Tablets (2mg, 6mg Sustained Release) is an oral first-generation H1-antihistamine with anticholinergic and moderate sedative properties. Indicated for allergic rhinitis, urticaria, acute allergic skin eruptions, and drug rashes.

Pheniramine Maleate Tablets (25mg) and Dexchlorpheniramine Tablets (2mg, 6mg Sustained Release) is an oral first-generation H1-antihistamine with anticholinergic and moderate sedative properties. Indicated for allergic rhinitis, urticaria, acute allergic skin eruptions, and drug rashes.

Pirfenidone Tablets (200mg, 400mg) is an oral synthetic pyridone antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory agent on the WHO Model List framework. It suppresses the synthesis of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), inhibiting fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix (collagen) deposition in pulmonary parenchyma. It also scavenges reactive oxygen species and inhibits TNF-alpha and IL-1beta. Clinically proven to reduce the rate of forced vital capacity (FVC) decline and disease progression. Indicated for the treatment of mild-to-moderate Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF).

Salbutamol / Albuterol Inhalation (100mcg MDI, 200mcg Rotacaps) is the quintessential short-acting selective beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist (SABA) on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It binds to beta-2 adrenergic receptors on airway smooth muscle cells, activating adenylyl cyclase, elevating cyclic AMP, and causing rapid relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle within 3 to 5 minutes, lasting 4 to 6 hours. Indicated for immediate relief of acute bronchospasm in bronchial asthma, acute exacerbations of COPD, and prevention of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

Salmeterol Xinafoate (25mcg/50mcg) and Fluticasone Propionate (100mcg/250mcg/500mcg Inhaler, Rotacaps) is a benchmark inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting beta-2 agonist combination on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Fluticasone exerts profound local anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and anti-edematous effects in bronchial mucosa with low systemic bioavailability due to extensive first-pass metabolism. Salmeterol provides long-acting bronchodilation lasting over 12 hours via persistent beta-2 receptor activation. Indicated for maintenance therapy of persistent bronchial asthma and maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with severe COPD and recurrent exacerbations.

Tiotropium Bromide Inhalation (9mcg MDI, 18mcg Rotacaps) is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It binds to muscarinic M1, M2, and M3 receptors, but dissociates extremely slowly from M3 receptors (dissociation half-life ~35 hours), delivering sustained 24-hour bronchodilation from a single daily dose. Reduces lung hyperinflation, improves exercise tolerance, and significantly decreases the frequency of COPD exacerbations. Indicated for long-term, once-daily maintenance treatment of bronchospasm associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and add-on maintenance in severe persistent asthma.

Tiotropium Bromide Inhalation (9mcg MDI, 18mcg Rotacaps) is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It binds to muscarinic M1, M2, and M3 receptors, but dissociates extremely slowly from M3 receptors (dissociation half-life ~35 hours), delivering sustained 24-hour bronchodilation from a single daily dose. Reduces lung hyperinflation, improves exercise tolerance, and significantly decreases the frequency of COPD exacerbations. Indicated for long-term, once-daily maintenance treatment of bronchospasm associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and add-on maintenance in severe persistent asthma.

Etophylline (84.7mg) and Theophylline (25.3mg per ml) Injection (Deriphyllin) is a parenteral methylxanthine bronchodilator combination on the WHO Model List framework. It non-selectively inhibits phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzymes, elevating intracellular cyclic AMP, competitively antagonizes adenosine A1 and A2 receptors, and stimulates endogenous catecholamine release. This produces relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle, stimulates the medullary respiratory center, improves diaphragmatic contractility, and exerts mild diuresis. Indicated for acute relief of severe bronchospasm in bronchial asthma, status asthmaticus, chronic bronchitis, and left ventricular failure with pulmonary edema (cardiac asthma).

Loratadine (10mg) and Desloratadine (5mg, 10mg) Tablets is a non-sedating second-generation tricyclic H1-antihistamine on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Desloratadine is the active metabolite with >14-fold higher affinity for H1 receptors and an extended half-life of 27 hours. Indicated for symptomatic relief of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria.

Doxofylline Tablets (400mg; alone or with Montelukast 10mg) is a novel xanthine derivative bronchodilator on the PMBI formulary. Unlike theophylline, it contains a dioxolane group at position 7 that specifically inhibits phosphodiesterase without binding to adenosine receptors or interfering with calcium influx. This confers potent bronchodilatory and anti-inflammatory activity with dramatically fewer cardiac, gastric, and CNS side effects (negligible tachycardia, insomnia, or gastric hypersecretion) and a 10-fold wider therapeutic window. Indicated for maintenance treatment of bronchial asthma, COPD, and spastic bronchitis.

Mometasone Furoate Aqueous Nasal Spray (0.05% w/v / 50mcg per actuation) is a topically active synthetic glucocorticoid on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It exhibits high topical anti-inflammatory potency on nasal mucosa with undetectable systemic bioavailability (<0.1%), downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and allergic cellular infiltration. Indicated for treatment and prophylaxis of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis in adults and children >=2 years, and treatment of nasal polyps in adults >=18 years.

Pirfenidone Tablets (200mg, 400mg) is an oral synthetic pyridone antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory agent on the WHO Model List framework. It suppresses the synthesis of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), inhibiting fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix (collagen) deposition in pulmonary parenchyma. It also scavenges reactive oxygen species and inhibits TNF-alpha and IL-1beta. Clinically proven to reduce the rate of forced vital capacity (FVC) decline and disease progression. Indicated for the treatment of mild-to-moderate Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF).

Budesonide Inhalation / Nebuliser Suspension (100mcg, 200mcg MDI; 400mcg Rotacaps; 1mg/2ml Respules) is a potent inhaled glucocorticoid on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It diffuses into airway epithelial cells, binding to cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptors to inhibit multiple pro-inflammatory transcription factors (NF-kB, AP-1), dramatically reducing recruitment of eosinophils, T-lymphocytes, and mast cells while downregulating inflammatory cytokines. Undergoes reversible intracellular esterification with fatty acids, creating a prolonged mucosal depot. Indicated for maintenance treatment of bronchial asthma, croup (laryngotracheobronchitis in infants/children), and severe COPD.

Beclomethasone Dipropionate Inhalation (100mcg, 200mcg Inhaler, 100mcg Rotacaps) is a halogenated synthetic corticosteroid prodrug on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. In lung tissue, esterases rapidly convert it to active beclomethasone-17-monopropionate (17-BMP), which possesses 30-fold higher affinity for glucocorticoid receptors, profoundly suppressing bronchial mucosal inflammation. Indicated for maintenance treatment of persistent bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis.

Beclomethasone Dipropionate Inhalation (100mcg, 200mcg Inhaler, 100mcg Rotacaps) is a halogenated synthetic corticosteroid prodrug on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. In lung tissue, esterases rapidly convert it to active beclomethasone-17-monopropionate (17-BMP), which possesses 30-fold higher affinity for glucocorticoid receptors, profoundly suppressing bronchial mucosal inflammation. Indicated for maintenance treatment of persistent bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis.

Beclomethasone Dipropionate Inhalation (100mcg, 200mcg Inhaler, 100mcg Rotacaps) is a halogenated synthetic corticosteroid prodrug on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. In lung tissue, esterases rapidly convert it to active beclomethasone-17-monopropionate (17-BMP), which possesses 30-fold higher affinity for glucocorticoid receptors, profoundly suppressing bronchial mucosal inflammation. Indicated for maintenance treatment of persistent bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis.

Bilastine (10mg/20mg) and Montelukast (4mg/10mg Tablets, Orodispersible Tablets) is a modern, non-sedating antiallergic combination. Bilastine is a highly selective second-generation H1-antihistamine with zero anticholinergic activity and no blood-brain barrier penetration; montelukast blocks cysteinyl leukotrienes. Indicated for allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria.

Dihydralazine Hydrochloride Tablets (25mg) is an oral direct-acting peripheral arteriolar vasodilator on the WHO Model List framework. It relaxes arteriolar smooth muscle to reduce systemic vascular resistance and blood pressure. Indicated for moderate-to-severe hypertension and pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Ambroxol, Guaifenesin, and Bromhexine Expectorant Formulations (with Levosalbutamol or Terbutaline Syrup) is a comprehensive wet cough and mucociliary clearance formula on the PMBI formulary. Ambroxol stimulates pulmonary surfactant secretion by type II pneumocytes and depolymerizes mucopolysaccharides; bromhexine fragments mucin fibers; guaifenesin increases the volume and hydration of respiratory secretions, reducing mucus adhesiveness; and levosalbutamol/terbutaline relaxes bronchial smooth muscle. Indicated for productive wet cough associated with acute bronchitis, COPD, bronchiectasis, asthma, and tracheobronchitis.

Ambroxol, Guaifenesin, and Bromhexine Expectorant Formulations (with Levosalbutamol or Terbutaline Syrup) is a comprehensive wet cough and mucociliary clearance formula on the PMBI formulary. Ambroxol stimulates pulmonary surfactant secretion by type II pneumocytes and depolymerizes mucopolysaccharides; bromhexine fragments mucin fibers; guaifenesin increases the volume and hydration of respiratory secretions, reducing mucus adhesiveness; and levosalbutamol/terbutaline relaxes bronchial smooth muscle. Indicated for productive wet cough associated with acute bronchitis, COPD, bronchiectasis, asthma, and tracheobronchitis.

Allopurinol Tablets (300mg) is an oral xanthine oxidase inhibitor on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for long-term management of hyperuricemia and gout.

Acetylcysteine Tablets / Effervescent Tablets (600mg) is an oral mucolytic and intracellular antioxidant precursor on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Its free sulfhydryl (-SH) group chemically splits disulfide bonds in mucoprotein complexes, breaking cross-linked polymers and dramatically reducing the viscosity of purulent, thick bronchial mucus to facilitate expectoration. It also replenishes intracellular cysteine pools for glutathione synthesis, protecting lung tissues against oxidative stress. Indicated for acute and chronic bronchopulmonary disorders with excessive, viscous mucus (COPD, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis) and contrast-induced nephropathy prevention.

Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide Syrup (13.5mg/5ml), Lozenges (5mg; alone or with Phenylephrine and Chlorpheniramine) is an oral centrally acting non-opioid antitussive on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It acts as an agonist at sigma-1 receptors and a non-competitive antagonist at NMDA glutamate receptors in the medullary cough center of the brainstem, raising the threshold for coughing without suppressing respiratory drive, inhibiting mucociliary clearance, or causing opioid dependence. Indicated for temporary relief of dry, hacking, non-productive cough caused by minor throat and bronchial irritation from the common cold or inhaled irritants.

Caffeine (30mg) + Diphenhydramine (25mg) + Paracetamol (500mg) + Phenylephrine (5mg) Tablets is an established pharmaceutical agent in the Respiratory & Allergy category on the PMBI National Formulary. Formulated to treat obstructive airway disease, cough, or allergic disorders according to verified pharmacopoeial standards.

Levosalbutamol (50mcg/100mcg) and Beclomethasone Dipropionate (50mcg/100mcg/200mcg Inhaler, Rotacaps) combines the active (R)-enantiomer of salbutamol with a synthetic glucocorticoid. Levosalbutamol provides rapid-acting selective beta-2 bronchodilation without the adverse tachycardia, tremor, and pro-inflammatory effects associated with the inert (S)-isomer. Beclomethasone suppresses underlying eosinophilic airway inflammation and edema. Indicated for maintenance and symptomatic treatment of mild-to-moderate bronchial asthma.

Salmeterol Xinafoate (25mcg/50mcg) and Fluticasone Propionate (100mcg/250mcg/500mcg Inhaler, Rotacaps) is a benchmark inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting beta-2 agonist combination on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Fluticasone exerts profound local anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and anti-edematous effects in bronchial mucosa with low systemic bioavailability due to extensive first-pass metabolism. Salmeterol provides long-acting bronchodilation lasting over 12 hours via persistent beta-2 receptor activation. Indicated for maintenance therapy of persistent bronchial asthma and maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with severe COPD and recurrent exacerbations.

Cetirizine Hydrochloride Tablets (5mg, 10mg) and Syrup (5mg/5ml) is a second-generation piperazine H1-antihistamine and active carboxylated metabolite of hydroxyzine on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It selectively antagonizes peripheral H1 receptors, blocking histamine-induced wheal, flare, capillary permeability, and sensory nerve activation, while also inhibiting late-phase cutaneous and bronchial eosinophil recruitment. Indicated for relief of symptoms associated with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and chronic idiopathic urticaria.

Bilastine (10mg/20mg) and Montelukast (4mg/10mg Tablets, Orodispersible Tablets) is a modern, non-sedating antiallergic combination. Bilastine is a highly selective second-generation H1-antihistamine with zero anticholinergic activity and no blood-brain barrier penetration; montelukast blocks cysteinyl leukotrienes. Indicated for allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria.

Ebastine Tablets (10mg; alone or with Phenylephrine 10mg) is a long-acting, non-sedating second-generation H1-antihistamine. It is rapidly converted to active carebastine, providing durable 24-hour peripheral H1 blockade without anticholinergic or sedative impairment. Phenylephrine adds alpha-1 adrenergic nasal decongestion. Indicated for seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria.

Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride Tablets (10mg, 25mg), Drops (6mg/ml), and Syrup (10mg/5ml) is a first-generation piperazine H1-antihistamine with potent central sedative, anxiolytic, and antipruritic properties on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It blocks peripheral H1 receptors to suppress histamine-induced pruritus and urticaria, and suppresses subcortical CNS areas to alleviate acute anxiety. Indicated for symptomatic relief of severe pruritus associated with allergic conditions (chronic urticaria, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis), sedation prior to dental/surgical procedures, and management of generalized anxiety.

Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride Tablets (10mg, 25mg), Drops (6mg/ml), and Syrup (10mg/5ml) is a first-generation piperazine H1-antihistamine with potent central sedative, anxiolytic, and antipruritic properties on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It blocks peripheral H1 receptors to suppress histamine-induced pruritus and urticaria, and suppresses subcortical CNS areas to alleviate acute anxiety. Indicated for symptomatic relief of severe pruritus associated with allergic conditions (chronic urticaria, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis), sedation prior to dental/surgical procedures, and management of generalized anxiety.

Indacaterol (150mcg) and Mometasone Furoate (80mcg/160mcg/320mcg Powder for Inhalation) is an advanced once-daily LABA and inhaled corticosteroid combination. Indacaterol is an ultra-long-acting beta-2 agonist (ultra-LABA) providing 24-hour bronchodilator coverage from a single dose; mometasone furoate provides powerful glucocorticoid anti-inflammatory action with negligible systemic oral bioavailability (<1%). Indicated for once-daily maintenance treatment of asthma in adults and adolescents inadequately controlled with ICS/LABA combinations.

Indacaterol (150mcg) and Mometasone Furoate (80mcg/160mcg/320mcg Powder for Inhalation) is an advanced once-daily LABA and inhaled corticosteroid combination. Indacaterol is an ultra-long-acting beta-2 agonist (ultra-LABA) providing 24-hour bronchodilator coverage from a single dose; mometasone furoate provides powerful glucocorticoid anti-inflammatory action with negligible systemic oral bioavailability (<1%). Indicated for once-daily maintenance treatment of asthma in adults and adolescents inadequately controlled with ICS/LABA combinations.

Indacaterol (150mcg) and Mometasone Furoate (80mcg/160mcg/320mcg Powder for Inhalation) is an advanced once-daily LABA and inhaled corticosteroid combination. Indacaterol is an ultra-long-acting beta-2 agonist (ultra-LABA) providing 24-hour bronchodilator coverage from a single dose; mometasone furoate provides powerful glucocorticoid anti-inflammatory action with negligible systemic oral bioavailability (<1%). Indicated for once-daily maintenance treatment of asthma in adults and adolescents inadequately controlled with ICS/LABA combinations.

Ipratropium Bromide Inhaler (20mcg) and Respirator Solution (250mcg per ml) is an inhaled synthetic quaternary ammonium anticholinergic bronchodilator on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It competitively antagonizes muscarinic M1, M2, and M3 receptors on bronchial smooth muscle, blocking acetylcholine released from parasympathetic vagal efferents. Because of its quaternary structure, it does not cross mucosal membranes or the blood-brain barrier, exerting localized bronchodilation with minimal systemic anticholinergic adverse effects. Indicated for maintenance bronchodilation and acute relief of bronchospasm in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and adjunctive management of severe acute asthma.

Montelukast Sodium (4mg/10mg) and Levocetirizine Dihydrochloride (2.5mg/5mg Tablets, Syrup, with or without Ambroxol SR 75mg) is a premier dual-action antiallergic and anti-inflammatory combination on the WHO Model List framework. Montelukast is a selective cysteinyl leukotriene receptor-1 (CysLT1) antagonist that blocks the bronchoconstricting, mucus-secreting, and eosinophil-recruiting actions of LTD4. Levocetirizine is an active R-enantiomer second-generation H1-antihistamine that blocks histamine-mediated itching, sneezing, and vascular permeability. Together, they simultaneously block both early-phase (histamine) and late-phase (leukotriene) allergic inflammatory cascades. Indicated for seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, allergic rhinitis with co-existing asthma, and chronic urticaria.

Pheniramine Maleate Tablets (25mg) and Dexchlorpheniramine Tablets (2mg, 6mg Sustained Release) is an oral first-generation H1-antihistamine with anticholinergic and moderate sedative properties. Indicated for allergic rhinitis, urticaria, acute allergic skin eruptions, and drug rashes.

Levocloperastine (20mg/5ml) and Levodropropizine (30mg/5ml) Syrup is a non-opioid peripheral and central antitussive on the PMBI formulary. Acts primarily on peripheral sensory receptors in the tracheobronchial tree (inhibiting C-fiber sensory neuropeptide release) and selectively suppresses the central cough center without causing sedation, somnolence, respiratory depression, or constipation. Indicated for symptomatic treatment of irritating dry non-productive cough of various etiologies.

Montelukast (10mg) and Ebastine (10mg Tablets) combines a long-acting second-generation H1-blocker (prodrug of carebastine) with a CysLT1 leukotriene receptor antagonist. Provides sustained 24-hour symptom relief in allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria.

Inhalant Softgel Capsules and Throat Sprays (Camphor, Menthol, Eucalyptol, Chlorothymol, Terpineol, Chamomile, Sage, Pine oil) is an aromatic essential oil steam inhalant and soothing throat formulation. When dissolved in hot water or sprayed, volatile vapors stimulate sensory trigeminal thermoreceptors (TRPM8), providing a subjective sensation of cool, unobstructed nasal breathing, while exerting mild antiseptic and secretomotor action on the respiratory tract. Indicated for symptomatic relief of nasal congestion, cold symptoms, catarrh, and sore throat.

Tulobuterol Transdermal Patch (0.5mg) is a long-acting beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist formulated as a sustained-release transdermal patch on the PMBI formulary. It delivers consistent transcutaneous systemic absorption of tulobuterol over 24 hours, stimulating bronchial beta-2 receptors and maintaining steady plasma concentrations that peak during the early morning hours (4:00 to 6:00 AM) to effectively prevent nocturnal asthma attacks ("morning dip"). Indicated for relief of dyspnea and bronchospasm in bronchial asthma and acute/chronic bronchitis.

Formoterol Fumarate (6mcg/12mcg) and Budesonide (100mcg/200mcg/400mcg Inhaler, Rotacaps, Powder, or Nebuliser Suspension) is a gold-standard fixed-dose combination on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Budesonide is a potent inhaled glucocorticoid that suppresses airway mucosal inflammation, reduces microvascular permeability, and decreases hyperresponsiveness. Formoterol is a rapid-onset, long-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist (LABA) that stimulates adenylyl cyclase, relaxes bronchial smooth muscle within 1-3 minutes, and provides sustained bronchodilation for >12 hours. Recommended by GINA guidelines as preferred Maintenance and Reliever Therapy (SMART / MART). Indicated for maintenance and rescue relief of bronchial asthma and symptomatic maintenance of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Loratadine (10mg) and Desloratadine (5mg, 10mg) Tablets is a non-sedating second-generation tricyclic H1-antihistamine on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Desloratadine is the active metabolite with >14-fold higher affinity for H1 receptors and an extended half-life of 27 hours. Indicated for symptomatic relief of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria.

Pheniramine Maleate Tablets (25mg) and Dexchlorpheniramine Tablets (2mg, 6mg Sustained Release) is an oral first-generation H1-antihistamine with anticholinergic and moderate sedative properties. Indicated for allergic rhinitis, urticaria, acute allergic skin eruptions, and drug rashes.

Pheniramine Maleate Tablets (25mg) and Dexchlorpheniramine Tablets (2mg, 6mg Sustained Release) is an oral first-generation H1-antihistamine with anticholinergic and moderate sedative properties. Indicated for allergic rhinitis, urticaria, acute allergic skin eruptions, and drug rashes.

Cetirizine Hydrochloride Tablets (5mg, 10mg) and Syrup (5mg/5ml) is a second-generation piperazine H1-antihistamine and active carboxylated metabolite of hydroxyzine on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It selectively antagonizes peripheral H1 receptors, blocking histamine-induced wheal, flare, capillary permeability, and sensory nerve activation, while also inhibiting late-phase cutaneous and bronchial eosinophil recruitment. Indicated for relief of symptoms associated with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and chronic idiopathic urticaria.

Cetirizine Hydrochloride Tablets (5mg, 10mg) and Syrup (5mg/5ml) is a second-generation piperazine H1-antihistamine and active carboxylated metabolite of hydroxyzine on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It selectively antagonizes peripheral H1 receptors, blocking histamine-induced wheal, flare, capillary permeability, and sensory nerve activation, while also inhibiting late-phase cutaneous and bronchial eosinophil recruitment. Indicated for relief of symptoms associated with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and chronic idiopathic urticaria.

Montelukast Sodium (10mg) and Fexofenadine Hydrochloride (120mg Tablets, Suspension) is a non-sedating dual antiallergic combination. Fexofenadine is a pure second-generation H1-receptor antagonist that does not cross the blood-brain barrier (completely non-sedating), while montelukast blocks cysteinyl leukotriene CysLT1 receptors. Indicated for relief of symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis (sneezing, runny nose, itchy/watery eyes, nasal congestion) in patients needing daytime alertness.

Tiotropium Bromide (18mcg) and Formoterol Fumarate (12mcg, with or without Ciclesonide 400mcg / Inhaler / Rotacaps) is a dual/triple bronchodilator therapy for advanced COPD and severe refractory asthma. Tiotropium is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) with prolonged M3 receptor dissociation kinetics (>36 hours); formoterol is a fast-acting LABA; ciclesonide is an on-site activated corticosteroid prodrug. Indicated for maintenance treatment of severe COPD and persistent severe asthma with frequent exacerbations.

Bepotastine Besilate (10mg) and Olopatadine (5mg) Tablets is an oral selective second-generation H1-receptor antagonist and mast cell stabilizer. It blocks peripheral H1 receptors and prevents mast cell degranulation, suppressing inflammatory cytokine (IL-5, leukotriene) release. Indicated for allergic rhinitis, pruritus, and chronic urticaria.

Rupatadine (10mg) and Montelukast (10mg Tablets) is a dual H1-receptor and Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF) antagonist combined with a leukotriene antagonist. Simultaneously blocks three distinct allergic mediators (histamine, PAF, and LTD4), delivering powerful relief in severe allergic rhinitis and urticaria.

Rupatadine Tablets (10mg) is a modern second-generation antihistamine with dual H1-receptor and Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF) antagonist properties. By blocking both histamine and PAF receptors, it provides comprehensive suppression of allergic vascular leakage, platelet aggregation, and mucosal inflammation. Indicated for allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria.