InjectionClinical Overview
Mannitol Injection / Infusion (20% w/v, 100ml, 350ml) is an intravenous non-metabolizable hexitol osmotic diuretic on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. It increases blood osmolality, establishing an osmotic gradient that draws water from intracellular and interstitial spaces of parenchymal tissues (particularly the brain and eye) into the intravascular compartment. In renal tubules, it remains unabsorbed, exerting an osmotic force that prevents water reabsorption in the proximal tubule and loop of Henle, promoting marked water diuresis. Indicated for reduction of dangerously elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral edema in traumatic brain injury, acute stroke, and neurosurgery, and rapid reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) in acute angle-closure glaucoma.
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
Verified Clinical References
Usage Guidelines
Administer intravenously only through an in-line filter (0.22 or 5 micron) over 20 to 60 minutes: 0.25 to 1.0 g/kg body weight (typically 50-100 g as a 20% solution). Inspect solution for crystallization prior to use; if crystals are present, warm container in hot water bath and shake until redissolved, then cool to body temperature before infusing. Insertion of an indwelling Foley catheter is mandatory to monitor massive urinary diuresis.
General Administration Advice: Adhere strictly to the prescribed dosage, frequency, and treatment course. For oral medications, swallow with sufficient water. Never stop antibiotics, psychiatric medications, or antihypertensives abruptly without clinical direction.
Possible Side Effects
Common: Polyuria, headache, nausea, thirst, dizziness, hypotension. Rare/Severe: Acute pulmonary edema and congestive heart failure (from rapid initial intravascular volume expansion), hyperosmolar state, acute renal failure, and severe electrolyte disturbances (hyponatremia, hypernatremia, hypokalemia).
*Note: Individual physiological responses vary. While many patients experience few or no side effects, notify your treating physician if adverse reactions persist or if hypersensitivity (angioedema, skin rash, dyspnea) occurs.
Precautions & Warnings
Black Box ICU Warning: Contraindicated in severe pulmonary edema, severe congestive heart failure, active intracranial bleeding (except during craniotomy), and established anuric acute renal disease. Transiently expands intravascular volume by 15-20%; closely monitor cardiopulmonary status and serum osmolality (keep serum osmolality < 320 mOsm/kg).
Schedule H (Prescription Required)
This medication is scheduled under statutory drug regulatory frameworks (CDSCO / Drugs & Cosmetics Rules). Dispensing requires a valid medical prescription from a registered medical practitioner. Self-medication or unsupervised dosage adjustment carries significant clinical risks.
Medical Disclaimer: Statutory Nutritional & Clinical Disclaimer: The information provided is for educational and price-transparency purposes only and does not constitute medical advice or clinical dietetic guidance. Dietary supplements, micronutrients, parenteral electrolytes, and specialized clinical nutrition should be used under the supervision of a registered medical practitioner or clinical nutritionist.